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Research Handbook of Expatriates
The Research Handbook of Expatriates is a comprehensive and carefully designed collection of contributions that provides a nuanced discussion of expatriates and important insights into emerging areas of research. The first of its kind, the Research Handbook includes detailed examinations of the various types of business expatriates including LGBT, self-initiated expatriates, female assignees, and inpatriates, as well as expatriates in diverse communities such as education, military, missionary, sports and ‘Aidland’. Other themes include expatriate performance, adjustment, expatriates to and from developing countries, global talent management, and expatriates’ safety and security. With solid theoretical foundations and essays from the most distinguished academics in the field, the Research Handbook is a ground-breaking must-read for scholars and consultants in the field of expatriation, international management, global HR and business administration.
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Critical Acclaim
Contributors
Contents
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Constituting a comprehensive and carefully designed collection of contributions, the Research Handbook of Expatriates provides a nuanced and up-to-date discussion of expatriates. Theoretically broad and groundbreaking, it offers important and contemporary insights into emerging areas of research warranting future consideration.
Drawing upon a range of perspectives from the field’s most distinguished academics, contributions review the history of the literature in relation to expatriates, from the development of the expatriate construct through to the current state of research on business expatriates. Subsequent chapters progress into detailed examinations of the various types of business expatriates including LGBT, self-initiated expatriates, female assignees, inpatriates, international business travellers and commuters, and millennials. Other themes include expatriate performance, adjustment, expatriates to and from developing countries, global talent management, and expatriates’ safety and security. The Research Handbook also covers expatriates in diverse communities such as education, military, missionary, sports and ‘Aidland’, and provides additional commentaries relating to methodological issues, research with practitioners, case studies, biculturals and ATCKs, and global families. The Research Handbook concludes with publishing advice for PhD and early career researchers.
Stimulating insightful new areas of study, this collection is a must read for academics and scholars in the field of expatriate research, international management, global human resource management and business administration. It also offers a wealth of guidance for executives and recruiters along with expatriates and professionals who may expatriate.
Drawing upon a range of perspectives from the field’s most distinguished academics, contributions review the history of the literature in relation to expatriates, from the development of the expatriate construct through to the current state of research on business expatriates. Subsequent chapters progress into detailed examinations of the various types of business expatriates including LGBT, self-initiated expatriates, female assignees, inpatriates, international business travellers and commuters, and millennials. Other themes include expatriate performance, adjustment, expatriates to and from developing countries, global talent management, and expatriates’ safety and security. The Research Handbook also covers expatriates in diverse communities such as education, military, missionary, sports and ‘Aidland’, and provides additional commentaries relating to methodological issues, research with practitioners, case studies, biculturals and ATCKs, and global families. The Research Handbook concludes with publishing advice for PhD and early career researchers.
Stimulating insightful new areas of study, this collection is a must read for academics and scholars in the field of expatriate research, international management, global human resource management and business administration. It also offers a wealth of guidance for executives and recruiters along with expatriates and professionals who may expatriate.
Critical Acclaim
‘In the Research Handbook of Expatriates, Yvonne McNulty and Jan Selmer have created a seminal work that should be on the bookshelf of all social scientists who work in the field of expatriation. More senior scholars will appreciate the “deep dive” each chapter takes into the literature, each one acting as a reservoir they can draw from to powerfully inform their future research efforts. Doctoral students and newly minted PhDs will find this book to be especially valuable – the final chapter of the book alone provides inestimable career and “how-to-publish” guidance for them in the field of expatriation. The coverage of the history, construct, milieu, research methodologies, and issues is the best I have come across in a single volume in over 30 years of working in the field. In short, this is a monumental contribution to the study of expatriates and global mobility.’
– Mark E. Mendenhall, University of Tennessee, US
‘There is neither space nor time to mention all the areas covered in this Handbook, but I was struck by the fact that, not only were traditional expatriate topics such as adjustment, performance, and types of expatriates covered in great detail, but that there was also discussion of issues such as safety and security for expatriates, special challenges for LGBTI expatriates, and dealing with millennial expatriates. But even when dealing with more traditional topics such as types of expatriates, I was impressed by the detailed handling of topics that I must admit I never gave much thought to, such as sports expatriates and military expatriates. This new Handbook is essential reading for anyone interested in expatriate research, but I would especially recommend it for scholars who are starting to study expatriates. The McNulty and Selmer edited volume will provide those scholars with a concise history of what has gone on in the past, what is current and important, and where we might go from here. In other words, the book delivers exactly what it was intended to deliver and that is something we cannot always say about any project.’
– Angelo DeNisi, Tulane University, US
‘The Research Handbook of Expatriates is a momentous achievement. McNulty and Selmer have persuaded all the top scholars in the field to write chapters about their respective areas of expertise. Even more importantly, as editors they have made this into a truly coherent and comprehensive Handbook that is essential reading for everyone interested in expatriate management. They have also co-authored an excellent chapter on publishing your research that should be compulsory reading for PhD students and early career researchers in any field of study. Highly recommended!’
– Anne-Wil Harzing, Middlesex University, UK www.harzing.com
‘Yvonne McNulty and Jan Selmer are extraordinarily well known in the field of expatriation, having been among some of the seminal authors in this area. More recently, Jan has made a clear and significant impact in the field by initiating and shepherding the Journal of Global Mobility through its initial phases. In this Handbook, the authors have put together a very qualified group of long-time, as well as newer, scholars. However, what makes this Handbook unique from all other similar publications – of which there are very few anyway – is the breadth of topics covered that have previously been ignored. The Handbook''s inclusion of the more recent phenomenon of self-initiated expatriates, expatriates in a sports context, those with different gender preferences and identities, the issue of the safety of expatriates in an increasingly volatile world, and more, make this publication by far and away the most contemporary treatment of expatriates of any publication to date. If ever one wanted exposure to expatriates in all its forms and in a high quality scholarly fashion, this Handbook is it.’
– Gary Oddou, California State University, US
‘The Research Handbook of Expatriates, edited by Yvonne McNulty and Jan Selmer, presents a fundamental foundation for the field of expatriation and international human resource management. This comprehensive volume on the research, theory, and practice in global mobility is not only a tour de force review of prior research, but more critically, it’s a guiding benchmark for future work. It belongs on the bookshelf of anyone trying to make a difference in the critical field of expatriate studies.’
– Hal B Gregersen, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, US
– Mark E. Mendenhall, University of Tennessee, US
‘There is neither space nor time to mention all the areas covered in this Handbook, but I was struck by the fact that, not only were traditional expatriate topics such as adjustment, performance, and types of expatriates covered in great detail, but that there was also discussion of issues such as safety and security for expatriates, special challenges for LGBTI expatriates, and dealing with millennial expatriates. But even when dealing with more traditional topics such as types of expatriates, I was impressed by the detailed handling of topics that I must admit I never gave much thought to, such as sports expatriates and military expatriates. This new Handbook is essential reading for anyone interested in expatriate research, but I would especially recommend it for scholars who are starting to study expatriates. The McNulty and Selmer edited volume will provide those scholars with a concise history of what has gone on in the past, what is current and important, and where we might go from here. In other words, the book delivers exactly what it was intended to deliver and that is something we cannot always say about any project.’
– Angelo DeNisi, Tulane University, US
‘The Research Handbook of Expatriates is a momentous achievement. McNulty and Selmer have persuaded all the top scholars in the field to write chapters about their respective areas of expertise. Even more importantly, as editors they have made this into a truly coherent and comprehensive Handbook that is essential reading for everyone interested in expatriate management. They have also co-authored an excellent chapter on publishing your research that should be compulsory reading for PhD students and early career researchers in any field of study. Highly recommended!’
– Anne-Wil Harzing, Middlesex University, UK www.harzing.com
‘Yvonne McNulty and Jan Selmer are extraordinarily well known in the field of expatriation, having been among some of the seminal authors in this area. More recently, Jan has made a clear and significant impact in the field by initiating and shepherding the Journal of Global Mobility through its initial phases. In this Handbook, the authors have put together a very qualified group of long-time, as well as newer, scholars. However, what makes this Handbook unique from all other similar publications – of which there are very few anyway – is the breadth of topics covered that have previously been ignored. The Handbook''s inclusion of the more recent phenomenon of self-initiated expatriates, expatriates in a sports context, those with different gender preferences and identities, the issue of the safety of expatriates in an increasingly volatile world, and more, make this publication by far and away the most contemporary treatment of expatriates of any publication to date. If ever one wanted exposure to expatriates in all its forms and in a high quality scholarly fashion, this Handbook is it.’
– Gary Oddou, California State University, US
‘The Research Handbook of Expatriates, edited by Yvonne McNulty and Jan Selmer, presents a fundamental foundation for the field of expatriation and international human resource management. This comprehensive volume on the research, theory, and practice in global mobility is not only a tour de force review of prior research, but more critically, it’s a guiding benchmark for future work. It belongs on the bookshelf of anyone trying to make a difference in the critical field of expatriate studies.’
– Hal B Gregersen, MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, US
Contributors
Contributors: M. Andresen, C. Brewster, L. Care, J.-L. Cerdin, L. Clarke, D.G. Collings, M. Collins, A. Corbin, M. Crowley-Henry, M. Dickmann, H. Dolles, R. Donohue, C. Doss, B. Egilsson, A. Fee, K.L. Fisher, K.J. Hanek, A. Haslberger, T. Hippler, K. Hutchings, M. Isichei, J. Lauring, L. Mäkelä, Y. McNulty, R. McPhail, S. Michailova, M. Moeller, B. Oberholster, B.J. Punnett, B.S. Reiche, J. Richardson, K. Saarenpää, J. Selmer, M.A. Shaffer, R. Singh, P. Tharenou, J.-L. Trembath, M. Wan
Contents
Contents:
Foreword J. Stewart Black
PART I HISTORY OF EXPATRIATE STUDIES AND ITS CURRENT STATE OF PLAY
1. Introduction: Overview of early expatriate studies, 1952 to 1979
Yvonne McNulty and Jan Selmer
2. The concept of business expatriates
Yvonne McNulty and Chris Brewster
3. Expatriates: A thematic research history
Jan Selmer
PART II HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY FOUNDATIONS OF EXPATRIATE STUDIES
4. Expatriate adjustment
Thomas Hippler, Arno Haslberger and Chris Brewster
5. Expatriate performance
Leanda Care and Ross Donohue
6. Expatriates to and from developed and developing countries
Lisa Clarke, Akhentoolove Corbin and Betty Jane Punnett
7. Global talent management: What does it mean for expatriates?
David G. Collings and Michael Isichei
8. Expatriates’ safety and security during crisis
Anthony Fee
PART III TYPES OF EXPATRIATES
9. Self-initiated expatriates
Jan Selmer, Maike Andresen and Jean-Luc Cerdin
10. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) expatriates
Ruth McPhail
11. Inpatriates: A review, synthesis and outlook of two decades of research
Miriam Moeller and B. Sebastian Reiche
12. Female expatriates: Towards a more inclusive view
Kate Hutchings and Snejina Michailova
13. Millennial expatriates
Marian Crowley-Henry and Mary Collins
14. International business travellers, short-term assignees and international commuters
Liisa Mäkelä, Kati Saarenpää and Yvonne McNulty
PART IV EXPATRIATES IN DIVERSE COMMUNITIES
15. Military expatriates
Kelly L. Fisher
16. Missionary (religious) expatriates
Braam Oberholster and Cheryl Doss
17. Expatriate academics: An era of higher education internationalization
Jan Selmer, Jodie-Lee Trembath and Jakob Lauring
18. Sports expatriates
Harald Dolles and Birnir Egilsson
19. Expatriates in Aidland: Humanitarian aid and development expatriates
Anthony Fee
PART V RESEARCHING EXPATRIATES AND EXPATRIATES AS RESEARCHERS
20. Methodological issues in expatriate studies and future directions
Phyllis Tharenou
21. Expatriate research for and with practitioners
Michael Dickmann
22. Case study research on expatriates
Julia Richardson
PART VI FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN EXPATRIATE RESEARCH
23. Biculturals, monoculturals and Adult Third Culture Kids: Individual differences in identities and outcomes
Kathrin J. Hanek
24. Global families
Min Wan, Romila Singh and Margaret A. Shaffer
25. Publishing research on expatriates: Advice for PhD candidates and early career researchers
Jan Selmer and Yvonne McNulty
Index
Foreword J. Stewart Black
PART I HISTORY OF EXPATRIATE STUDIES AND ITS CURRENT STATE OF PLAY
1. Introduction: Overview of early expatriate studies, 1952 to 1979
Yvonne McNulty and Jan Selmer
2. The concept of business expatriates
Yvonne McNulty and Chris Brewster
3. Expatriates: A thematic research history
Jan Selmer
PART II HISTORICAL AND CONTEMPORARY FOUNDATIONS OF EXPATRIATE STUDIES
4. Expatriate adjustment
Thomas Hippler, Arno Haslberger and Chris Brewster
5. Expatriate performance
Leanda Care and Ross Donohue
6. Expatriates to and from developed and developing countries
Lisa Clarke, Akhentoolove Corbin and Betty Jane Punnett
7. Global talent management: What does it mean for expatriates?
David G. Collings and Michael Isichei
8. Expatriates’ safety and security during crisis
Anthony Fee
PART III TYPES OF EXPATRIATES
9. Self-initiated expatriates
Jan Selmer, Maike Andresen and Jean-Luc Cerdin
10. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) expatriates
Ruth McPhail
11. Inpatriates: A review, synthesis and outlook of two decades of research
Miriam Moeller and B. Sebastian Reiche
12. Female expatriates: Towards a more inclusive view
Kate Hutchings and Snejina Michailova
13. Millennial expatriates
Marian Crowley-Henry and Mary Collins
14. International business travellers, short-term assignees and international commuters
Liisa Mäkelä, Kati Saarenpää and Yvonne McNulty
PART IV EXPATRIATES IN DIVERSE COMMUNITIES
15. Military expatriates
Kelly L. Fisher
16. Missionary (religious) expatriates
Braam Oberholster and Cheryl Doss
17. Expatriate academics: An era of higher education internationalization
Jan Selmer, Jodie-Lee Trembath and Jakob Lauring
18. Sports expatriates
Harald Dolles and Birnir Egilsson
19. Expatriates in Aidland: Humanitarian aid and development expatriates
Anthony Fee
PART V RESEARCHING EXPATRIATES AND EXPATRIATES AS RESEARCHERS
20. Methodological issues in expatriate studies and future directions
Phyllis Tharenou
21. Expatriate research for and with practitioners
Michael Dickmann
22. Case study research on expatriates
Julia Richardson
PART VI FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN EXPATRIATE RESEARCH
23. Biculturals, monoculturals and Adult Third Culture Kids: Individual differences in identities and outcomes
Kathrin J. Hanek
24. Global families
Min Wan, Romila Singh and Margaret A. Shaffer
25. Publishing research on expatriates: Advice for PhD candidates and early career researchers
Jan Selmer and Yvonne McNulty
Index
