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Conflict Prevention and Resolution in Water Systems
This important collection reprints the most significant papers and case studies on the prevention and resolution of conflict over water resources. It focuses in particular on the human dynamics that are involved when conflicts over water resources impact on different interest groups, economic sectors and legal or political boundaries. It addresses key issues which arise at both the local and the international level, including amongst others: How do people interact in these situations of conflict? What methods do they use to find a compromise? What institutions do they create – either jointly or unilaterally – to help overcome problems in the future?
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Critical Acclaim
Contributors
Contents
More Information
This important collection reprints the most significant papers and case studies on the prevention and resolution of conflict over water resources. It focuses in particular on the human dynamics that are involved when conflicts over water resources impact on different interest groups, economic sectors and legal or political boundaries. It addresses key issues which arise at both the local and the international level, including amongst others: How do people interact in these situations of conflict? What methods do they use to find a compromise? What institutions do they create – either jointly or unilaterally – to help overcome problems in the future?
This interdisciplinary collection will be essential reading for professional water practitioners throughout the world, including engineers, economists, geographers, geologists, and political scientists concerned with water disputes and conflict resolution. It will make a significant contribution to the study of water as an essential theme in the increasingly important topic of environmental security.
This interdisciplinary collection will be essential reading for professional water practitioners throughout the world, including engineers, economists, geographers, geologists, and political scientists concerned with water disputes and conflict resolution. It will make a significant contribution to the study of water as an essential theme in the increasingly important topic of environmental security.
Critical Acclaim
‘. . . this volume . . . is certainly a valuable addition to university and research libraries.’
– Claudia Ringler, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture
‘Overall, I believe that Dr Wolf has edited a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners who are interested in responsibly managing and equitably resolving conflicts over water and the environment. This reference furnishes informative background information for both graduate and undergraduate courses in water management and provides guidance for future research on conflict resolution in water resources . . . Dr. Wolf’s well-organized book on water conflict brings together under one cover a wealth of valuable information from a wide variety of sources that would be difficult to obtain otherwise.’
– Keith W. Hipel, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
– Claudia Ringler, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture
‘Overall, I believe that Dr Wolf has edited a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners who are interested in responsibly managing and equitably resolving conflicts over water and the environment. This reference furnishes informative background information for both graduate and undergraduate courses in water management and provides guidance for future research on conflict resolution in water resources . . . Dr. Wolf’s well-organized book on water conflict brings together under one cover a wealth of valuable information from a wide variety of sources that would be difficult to obtain otherwise.’
– Keith W. Hipel, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Contributors
44 articles, dating from 1946 to 2001
Contributors include: A. Biswas, J. Delli Priscoli, A. Dinar, P. Gleick, R. Krishna, S. Postel, B.I. Spector, J.L. Wescoat Jr., K.A. Wittfogel
Contributors include: A. Biswas, J. Delli Priscoli, A. Dinar, P. Gleick, R. Krishna, S. Postel, B.I. Spector, J.L. Wescoat Jr., K.A. Wittfogel
Contents
Contents:
Acknowledgements
Introduction Aaron T. Wolf
PART I WHO AFFECTS WHOM?: HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS IN WATER RESOURCES
1. Karl A. Wittfogel (1956), ‘The Hydraulic Civilizations’
2. Arnold J. Toynbee (1946), ‘The Challenge of the Environment’
3. Harold Sprout and Margaret Sprout (1957), ‘Environmental Factors in the Study of International Politics’
4. Thomas Homer-Dixon and Valerie Percival (1996), ‘Key Findings’
5. Thomas Homer-Dixon, Marc Levy, Gareth Porter and Jack Goldstone (1996), ‘Environmental Scarcity and Violent Conflict: Debate’
6. Jerome Delli Priscoli (1998), ‘Water and Civilization: Using History to Reframe Water Policy Debates and to Build a New Ecological Realism’
PART II WATER AND FIRE: HYDROCONFLICTS
7. Sandra Postel (1999), ‘Water Wars I: Farms Versus Cities and Nature’
8. Jon Martin Trolldalen (1992), ‘International River Systems’
9. Peter H. Gleick (1993), ‘Water and Conflict: Fresh Water Resources and International Security’
PART III QUENCHED TENSIONS: HYDROCOOPERATION
10. Aaron T. Wolf (1998), ‘Conflict and Cooperation Along International Waterways’
11. Bertram Spector (2001), ‘Transboundary Disputes: Keeping Backyards Clean’
12. An Painter (1995), ‘Resolving Environmental Conflicts Through Mediation’
13. Edwin H. Clark, II, Gail Bingham and Suzanne Goulet Orenstein (1991), ‘Resolving Water Disputes: Obstacles and Opportunities’
PART IV WATER ACROSS BOUNDARIES: CASE STUDIES FROM AROUND THE WORLD
14. Habib Attia (1985), ‘Water-Sharing Rights in the Jerid Oases of Tunisia’
15. John J. Pigram and Warren F. Musgrave (1998), ‘Sharing the Waters of the Murray-Darling Basin: Cooperative Federalism Under Test in Australia’
16. Álvaro Carmo Vaz and Arnaldo Lopes Pereira (2000), ‘The Incomati and Limpopo International River Basins: A View from Downstream’
17. Asit K. Biswas (1992), ‘Indus Water Treaty: The Negotiating Process’
18. Arnon Soffer (1994), ‘The Relevance of Johnston Plan to the Reality of 1993 and Beyond’
19. I. Mustafa (1994), ‘The Arab-Israeli Conflict Over Water Resources’
20. Dale Whittington, John Waterbury and Elizabeth McClelland (1995), ‘Toward a New Nile Waters Agreement’
21. Hans-Peter Nachtnebel (2000), ‘The Danube River Basin Environmental Programme: Plans and Actions for a Basin Wide Approach’
22. Raj Krishna and Salman M.A. Salman (1999), ‘International Groundwater Law and the World Bank Policy for Projects on Transboundary Groundwater’
23. Ariel Dinar, Peter Seidl, Harvey Olem, Vanja Jorden, Alfred Duda and Robert Johnson (1995), in Restoring and Protecting the World''s Lakes and Reservoirs
PART V CATCHING WATER WITH A SIEVE: INSTITUTIONAL APPROACHES
24. Stanley Crawford (1988), in Mayordomo: Chronicle of an Acequia in Northern New Mexico
25. Elinor Ostrom (1992), ‘Crafting Institutions’
26. Mikiyasu Nakayama (1997), ‘Successes and Failures of International Organizations in Dealing with International Waters’
27. Arun Agrawal and Clark C. Gibson (1999), ‘Enchantment and Disenchantment: The Role of Community in Natural Resource Conservation’
28. A.R. Turton (1999), Water and State Sovereignty: The Hydropolitical Challenge for States in Arid Regions
PART VI WORLDVIEWS OF WATER: DISCIPLINARY APPROACHES
A Law
29. Lynne Lewis Bennett and Charles W. Howe (1998), ‘The Interstate River Compact: Incentives for Noncompliance’
30. James L. Wescoat, Jr. (1996), ‘Main Currents in Early Multilateral Water Treaties: A Historical-Geographic Perspective, 1648–1948’
31. Stephen McCaffrey (1998), ‘The UN Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses: Prospects and Pitfalls’
B Economics and Game Theory
32. Charles W. Howe, Dennis R. Schurmeier and W. Douglass Shaw, Jr. (1986), ‘Innovative Approaches to Water Allocation: The Potential for Water Markets’
33. Peter Rogers (1993), ‘The Value of Cooperation in Resolving International River Basin Disputes’
C Engineering
34. Charles L. Lancaster (1990), ‘Dispute Resolution Experiences: The Engineer’s Role’
35. Ann Solomon Bleed (1990), ‘Platte River Conflict Resolution’
D Political Economy
36. Richard E. Just, George Frisvold, Verna Harrison, Joe Oppenheimer and David Zilberman (1998), ‘Using Bargaining Theory and Economic Analysis as an Aid to Trans-Boundary Water Cooperation’
37. J.A. Allan (1998), ‘"Virtual Water": An Essential Element in Stabilizing the Political Economies of the Middle East’
E Geography
38. Gilbert F. White (1986), ‘The Role of Scientific Information in Anticipation and Prevention of Environmental Disputes’
F Decision Support Systems
39. Slobodan P. Simonovic (1996), ‘Decision Support Systems for Sustainable Management of Water Resources: 1. General Principles’
PART VII THE VOICE LEAST HEARD: THE RIVER ITSELF
40. John Kolars (2000), ‘The Spatial Attributes of Water Negotiation: The Need for a River Ethic and River Advocacy in the Middle East’
41. Sandra Postel (1992), ‘A Water Ethic’
PART VIII APPENDICES
42. Aaron T. Wolf, Jeffrey A. Natharius, Jeffrey J. Danielson, Brian S. Ward and Jan K. Pender (1999), ‘International River Basins of the World’
43. (1998), ‘Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses’
44. (1999), ‘The Bellagio Draft Treaty Agreement Concerning the Use of Transboundary Groundwaters’
Name Index
Acknowledgements
Introduction Aaron T. Wolf
PART I WHO AFFECTS WHOM?: HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS IN WATER RESOURCES
1. Karl A. Wittfogel (1956), ‘The Hydraulic Civilizations’
2. Arnold J. Toynbee (1946), ‘The Challenge of the Environment’
3. Harold Sprout and Margaret Sprout (1957), ‘Environmental Factors in the Study of International Politics’
4. Thomas Homer-Dixon and Valerie Percival (1996), ‘Key Findings’
5. Thomas Homer-Dixon, Marc Levy, Gareth Porter and Jack Goldstone (1996), ‘Environmental Scarcity and Violent Conflict: Debate’
6. Jerome Delli Priscoli (1998), ‘Water and Civilization: Using History to Reframe Water Policy Debates and to Build a New Ecological Realism’
PART II WATER AND FIRE: HYDROCONFLICTS
7. Sandra Postel (1999), ‘Water Wars I: Farms Versus Cities and Nature’
8. Jon Martin Trolldalen (1992), ‘International River Systems’
9. Peter H. Gleick (1993), ‘Water and Conflict: Fresh Water Resources and International Security’
PART III QUENCHED TENSIONS: HYDROCOOPERATION
10. Aaron T. Wolf (1998), ‘Conflict and Cooperation Along International Waterways’
11. Bertram Spector (2001), ‘Transboundary Disputes: Keeping Backyards Clean’
12. An Painter (1995), ‘Resolving Environmental Conflicts Through Mediation’
13. Edwin H. Clark, II, Gail Bingham and Suzanne Goulet Orenstein (1991), ‘Resolving Water Disputes: Obstacles and Opportunities’
PART IV WATER ACROSS BOUNDARIES: CASE STUDIES FROM AROUND THE WORLD
14. Habib Attia (1985), ‘Water-Sharing Rights in the Jerid Oases of Tunisia’
15. John J. Pigram and Warren F. Musgrave (1998), ‘Sharing the Waters of the Murray-Darling Basin: Cooperative Federalism Under Test in Australia’
16. Álvaro Carmo Vaz and Arnaldo Lopes Pereira (2000), ‘The Incomati and Limpopo International River Basins: A View from Downstream’
17. Asit K. Biswas (1992), ‘Indus Water Treaty: The Negotiating Process’
18. Arnon Soffer (1994), ‘The Relevance of Johnston Plan to the Reality of 1993 and Beyond’
19. I. Mustafa (1994), ‘The Arab-Israeli Conflict Over Water Resources’
20. Dale Whittington, John Waterbury and Elizabeth McClelland (1995), ‘Toward a New Nile Waters Agreement’
21. Hans-Peter Nachtnebel (2000), ‘The Danube River Basin Environmental Programme: Plans and Actions for a Basin Wide Approach’
22. Raj Krishna and Salman M.A. Salman (1999), ‘International Groundwater Law and the World Bank Policy for Projects on Transboundary Groundwater’
23. Ariel Dinar, Peter Seidl, Harvey Olem, Vanja Jorden, Alfred Duda and Robert Johnson (1995), in Restoring and Protecting the World''s Lakes and Reservoirs
PART V CATCHING WATER WITH A SIEVE: INSTITUTIONAL APPROACHES
24. Stanley Crawford (1988), in Mayordomo: Chronicle of an Acequia in Northern New Mexico
25. Elinor Ostrom (1992), ‘Crafting Institutions’
26. Mikiyasu Nakayama (1997), ‘Successes and Failures of International Organizations in Dealing with International Waters’
27. Arun Agrawal and Clark C. Gibson (1999), ‘Enchantment and Disenchantment: The Role of Community in Natural Resource Conservation’
28. A.R. Turton (1999), Water and State Sovereignty: The Hydropolitical Challenge for States in Arid Regions
PART VI WORLDVIEWS OF WATER: DISCIPLINARY APPROACHES
A Law
29. Lynne Lewis Bennett and Charles W. Howe (1998), ‘The Interstate River Compact: Incentives for Noncompliance’
30. James L. Wescoat, Jr. (1996), ‘Main Currents in Early Multilateral Water Treaties: A Historical-Geographic Perspective, 1648–1948’
31. Stephen McCaffrey (1998), ‘The UN Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses: Prospects and Pitfalls’
B Economics and Game Theory
32. Charles W. Howe, Dennis R. Schurmeier and W. Douglass Shaw, Jr. (1986), ‘Innovative Approaches to Water Allocation: The Potential for Water Markets’
33. Peter Rogers (1993), ‘The Value of Cooperation in Resolving International River Basin Disputes’
C Engineering
34. Charles L. Lancaster (1990), ‘Dispute Resolution Experiences: The Engineer’s Role’
35. Ann Solomon Bleed (1990), ‘Platte River Conflict Resolution’
D Political Economy
36. Richard E. Just, George Frisvold, Verna Harrison, Joe Oppenheimer and David Zilberman (1998), ‘Using Bargaining Theory and Economic Analysis as an Aid to Trans-Boundary Water Cooperation’
37. J.A. Allan (1998), ‘"Virtual Water": An Essential Element in Stabilizing the Political Economies of the Middle East’
E Geography
38. Gilbert F. White (1986), ‘The Role of Scientific Information in Anticipation and Prevention of Environmental Disputes’
F Decision Support Systems
39. Slobodan P. Simonovic (1996), ‘Decision Support Systems for Sustainable Management of Water Resources: 1. General Principles’
PART VII THE VOICE LEAST HEARD: THE RIVER ITSELF
40. John Kolars (2000), ‘The Spatial Attributes of Water Negotiation: The Need for a River Ethic and River Advocacy in the Middle East’
41. Sandra Postel (1992), ‘A Water Ethic’
PART VIII APPENDICES
42. Aaron T. Wolf, Jeffrey A. Natharius, Jeffrey J. Danielson, Brian S. Ward and Jan K. Pender (1999), ‘International River Basins of the World’
43. (1998), ‘Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses’
44. (1999), ‘The Bellagio Draft Treaty Agreement Concerning the Use of Transboundary Groundwaters’
Name Index
