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THE PSYCHOLOGY OF GENDER
This major four volume work provides a comprehensive and authoritative selection of the most important articles and papers in psychology and the behavioural sciences, central to gender studies. Each volume is deliberately designed to offer a definitive coverage of the literature and includes a new introductory essay by the editor, surveying the field and providing an integrative link between the articles and papers that are included. Comprehensive in coverage, these volumes will be an essential reference source for both psychologists, sociologists, and anthropologists concerned with gender studies in the behavioural sciences.
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Contents
More Information
This major four volume work provides a comprehensive and authoritative selection of the most important articles and papers in psychology and the behavioural sciences, central to gender studies. Each volume is deliberately designed to offer a definitive coverage of the literature and includes a new introductory essay by the editor, surveying the field and providing an integrative link between the articles and papers that are included. Comprehensive in coverage, these volumes will be an essential reference source for both psychologists, sociologists, and anthropologists concerned with gender studies in the behavioural sciences.
Contents
Volume I
Acknowledgments
Introduction
PART I HISTORICAL ISSUES
1. Leta Stetter Hollingworth (1914), ‘Variability as Related to Sex Differences in Achievement: A Critique.’
2. Leta Stetter Hollingworth (19160, ’Sex Differences in Mental Traits.’
3. Leta Stetter Hollingworth (1918), ‘Comparison of the Sexes in Mental Traits.’
4. Helen Thompson Woolley (1910), ‘A Review of Recent Literature on the Psychology of Sex.’
5. Helen Thompson Woolley (1914), ‘The Psychology of Sex.’
6. Anne Anastasi (1981), ‘Sex Differences: Historical Perspectives and Methodological Implications.’
7. Janice Haaken (1988), ‘Field Dependence Research: A Historical Analysis of a Psychological Construct.’
PART II NEONATAL AND INFANCY PERIODS
8. Elizabeth J. Aries and Rose R. Olver (1985), ‘Sex Differences in the Development of a Separate Sense of Self During Infancy: Directions for Future Research.’
9. Thomas Gualtieri and Robert E. Hicks (1985), ‘An Immunoreactive Theory of Selective Male Affliction.’
10. Open Peer Commentary on T Gualtieri and R E Hicks (1985), ‘An Immunoreactive Theory of Selective Male Affliction.’
11. Carol Nagy Jacklin and Eleanor M. Maccoby (1982), ‘Length of Labor and Sex of Offspring.’
12. Anneliese F. Korner (1969),‘Neonatal Startles, Smiles, Erections and Reflex Sucks as Related to State, Sex and Individuality.’
13. Anneliese F. Korner, Byron W. Brown, Elaine P. Reade, David K. Stevenson, Stephen A. Fernbach and Valerie A. Thoma (1988), ‘State Behavior of Preterm Infants as a Function of Development, Individual and Sex Differences.’
14. Helen C. Kraemer, Anneliese F. Korner, Thomas Anders, Carol Nagy Jacklin and Sue Dimiceli (1985), ‘Obstetric Drugs and Infant Behavior: A Revaluation.’
15. Marilyn M. McMillen (1979), ‘Differential Mortality by Sex in Fetal and Neonatal Deaths.’
PART III BRAIN ORGANIZATION AND BRAIN INJURY
16. William Kerr Hahn (1987), ‘Cerebral Lateralization of Function: From Infancy Through Childhood.’
17. Andrew Kertesz and Thomas Benke (1989), ‘Sex Equality in Intrahemispheric Language Organization.’
18. Doreen Kimura (1987), ‘Are Men''s and Women''s Brains Really Different?’
19. Richard S. Lewis and Lois Christiansen (1989), ‘Intrahemispheric Sex Differences in the Functional Representation of Language and Praxic Functions in Normal Individuals.’
20. Jeannette McGlone (1980), ‘Sex Differences in Human Brain Asymmetry: A Critical Survey.’
21. Parley W. Newman, Karin Bunderson and Robert H. Brey (1985), ‘Brain Stem Electrical Responses of Stutterers and Normals by Sex, Ears and Recovery.’
22. L. Pizzamiglio, A. Mammucari and C. Razzano (1985), ‘Evidence for Sex Differences in Brain Organization in Recovery in Aphasia.’
23. Martha Taylor Sarno, Antonio Buonaguro and Eric Levita (1985), ‘Gender and Recovery from Aphasia after Stroke.’
24. Mirna I. Vrbancic and James L. Mosley (1988), ‘Sex-related Differences in Hemispheric Lateralization: A Function of Physical Maturation.’
PART IV MATURATION AND MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
25. Peter H. Buschang, Robert M. Baume, G. Gisela Nass (1983), ‘A Craniofacial Growth Maturity Gradient for Males and Females Between 4 and 16 years of Age.’
26. Rachel K. Clifton, Jane Gwiazda, Joseph A. Bauer, Marsha G. Clarkson and Richard M. Held (1988), ‘Growth in Head Size During Infancy: Implications for Sound Localization.’
27. Jerry R. Thomas and Karen E. French (1985), ‘Gender Differences Across Age in Motor Performance: A Meta-Analysis.’
28. Frank L. Smoll and Robert W. Schutz (1990), ‘Quantifying Gender Differences in Physical Performance: A Developmental Perspective.’
29. Warren O. Eaton and Lesley Reid Enns (1986), ‘Sex Differences in Human Motor Activity Level.’
30. Paula M. Duke, J. Merrill Carlsmith, Dennis Jennings, John A. Martin, Sanford M. Dornbusch, Ruth T. Gross and Bryna Siegel-Gorelick, ‘Educational Correlates of Early and Late Sexual Maturation in Adolescence.’
31. Lloyd G. Humphreys, Timothy C. Davey and Randolph K. Park (1985), ‘Longitudinal Corellation Analysis of Standing Height and Intelligence.’
32. Paula Rantakillio, L. von Wendt and Helena Mäkinen (1985), ‘Influence of Social Background on Psychomotor Development in the First Year of Life and its Correlation with Later Intellectual Capacity: A Prospective Cohort Study.’
33. Deborah P. Waber, Madeline B. Mann, James Merola and Patricia M. Moylan (1985), ‘Physical Maturation Rate and Cognitive Performance in Early Adolescence: A Longitudinal Examination.’
PART V HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
34. Jo-Anne Finegan, Betty Bartleman and P.Y. Wong (1989), ‘A Window for the Study of Prenatal Sex Hormone Influences on Postnatal Development.’
35. Anke A. Ehrhardt (1985), ‘The Psychobiology of Gender.’
36. Carol Nagy Jacklin, Karen Thompson Wilcox and Eleanor E. Maccoby (1988), ‘Neonatal Sex-Steroid Hormones and Cognitive Abilities at six Years.’
37. Elizabeth J. Susman, Gale Inoff-Germain, Editha D. Nottelmann, D. Lynn Loriaux, Gordon B. Cutler, Jr., and George P. Chrousos (1987), ‘Hormones, Emotional Dispositions and Aggressive Attributes in Young Adolescents.’
38. Elizabeth J. Susman, E.D. Nottlemann, G.E. Inoff-Germain, L.D. Dorn, G.B. Cutler, D.L. Loriaux, G.P. Chrousos (1985), "The Relation of Relative Hormonal Levels and Physical Development and Social-Emotional Behavior in Young Adolescents"
39. J. Brooks-Gunn and Michelle P. Warren (1989), ‘Biological and Social Contributions to Negative Affect in Young Adolescent Girls.’
40. Michelle P. Warren and J. Brooks-Gunn (1989), ‘Mood and Behavior at Adolescence: Evidence for Hormonal Factors.’
41. William R. Hazzard (1986), ‘Biological Basis of the Sex Differential in Longevity.’
Name Index
Volume II
Acknowledgements
Introduction
PART I METHODOLOGICAL AND CONCEPTUAL ISSUES
1. Earl R. Carlson and Rae Carlson (1960), ‘Male and Female Subjects in Personality Research.’
2. Alice H. Eagly (1987), ‘Reporting Sex Differences.’
3. Alice H. Eagly (1990), ‘On the Advantages of Reporting Sex Comparisons.’
4. Janet Shibley Hyde (1990), ‘Meta-Analysis and the Psychology of Gender Differences.’
5. Nancy M. Henley (1985), ‘Psychology and Gender.’
6. Carol Nagy Jacklin (1981), ‘Methodological Issues in the Study of Sex-Related Differences.’
7. Lorraine B. Code (1981), ‘Is the Sex of the Knower Epistemologically Significant ?’
8. Rachel T. Hare-Mustin and Jeanne Marecek (1988), ‘The Meaning of Difference: Gender Theory, Postmodernism and Psychology.’
9. Inge K. Broverman, Donald M. Broverman, Frank E. Clarkson, Paul S. Rosenkrantz and Susan R. Vogel (1970), ‘Sex-Role Stereotypes and Clinical Judgments of Mental Health.’
10. Inge K. Broverman, Susan Raymond Vogel, Donald M. Broverman, Frank E. Clarkson and Paul S. Rosenkrantz (1972), ‘Sex-Role Stereotypes: A Current Appraisal.’
11. Thomas A. Widiger and Shirley A. Settle, (1987), ‘Broverman et al Revisited: An Artifactual Sex Bias.’
PART II COGNITIVE ABILITIES
12. Alan Feingold (1988), ‘Cognitive Gender Differences are Disappearing.’
13. Robert Rosenthal and Donald B. Rubin (1982), ‘Further Meta-Analytic Procedures for Assessing Cognitive Gender Differences.’
14. Janet Shibley Hyde and Marcia C. Linn (1988), ‘Gender Differences in Verbal Ability: A Meta-Analysis.’
15. Marcia C. Linn and Anne C. Petersen (1985), ‘Emergence and Characterization of Sex Differences in Spatial Ability: A Meta-Analysis.
16. Janet Shibley Hyde, Elizabeth Fennema and Susan J. Lamon (1990), ‘Gender Differences in Mathematics Performance: A Meta-Analysis.’
17. Meredith M. Kimball (1989), ‘A New Perspective on Women''s Math Achievement.’
18. Camilla Persson Benbow and Julian C. Stanley (1980), ‘Sex Differences in Mathematical Ability. Fact or Artifact?’
19. Camilla Persson Benbow and Julian C. Stanley (1982), ‘Consequences in High School and College of Sex Differences in Mathematical Reasoning Ability: A Longitudinal Perspective.’
20. Camilla Persson Benbow and Julian C. Stanley (1983), ‘Sex Differences in Mathematical Ability: More Facts.’
21. Jacquelynne E. Parsons, Terry F. Adler and Caroline M. Kaczala (1982), ‘Socialization of Acheivement Attitudes and Beliefs: Parental Influences.’
22. Jacquelynne E. Parsons, Caroline M. Kaczala and Judith L. Meece (1982), ‘Socialization of Achievement Attitudes and Beliefs: Classroom Influences.’
23. Jacquelynne S. Eccles and Janis E. Jacobs (1986), ‘Social Forces Shape Math Attitudes and Performance.’
PART III SOCIALIZATION
24. Hugh Lytton and David M. Romney (1991), ‘Parents'' Differential Socialization of Boys and Girls: A Meta-Analysis.’
25. David C. Bellinger and Jean Berko Gleason (1982), ‘Sex Differences in Parental Directives to Young Children.’
26. Esther Blan Greif (1980), ‘Sex Differences in Parent-Child Conversations.’
27. Kay Bussey and Albert Bandura (1984), ‘Influence of Gender Constancy and Social Power on Sex-Linked Modeling.’
28. David G. Perry and Kay Bussey (1979), ‘The Social Learning Theory of Sex Differences: Imitation is Alive and Well.’
29. Beverly I. Fagot (1985), ‘Changes in Thinking about Early Sex-Role Development.’
30. Sandra Lipsitz Bem (1981), ‘Gender Schema Theory: A Cognitive Account of Sex-Typing.’
31. Sandra Lipsitz Bem (1983), ‘Gender Schema Theory and its Implications for Child Development: Raising Gender-Aschematic Children in a Gender Schematic Society.’
32. Nancy Eisenberg, Karlsson Roth, Karyl A. Bryniarski and Edward Murray (1984), ‘Sex Differences in the Relationship of Height to Children''s Actual and Attributed Social and Cognitive Competencies.’
33. Lynn S. Liben and Margaret L. Signorella (1980), ‘Gender-Related Schemata and Constructive Memory in Children.’
34. Carol Lynn Martin and Charles F. Halverson, Jr. (1981), ‘A Schematic Processing Model of Sex-Typing and Stereotyping in Children.’
35. Carol Lynn Martin and Charles F. Halverson, Jr. (1983), ‘The Effects of Sex-Typing Schemas on Young Children''s Memory.’
PART IV MORAL DEVELOPMENT
36. Carol Gilligan (1977), ‘In a Different Voice: Women''s Conceptions of Self and of Morality.’
37. Carol Gilligan and Jane Attanucci (1988), ‘Two Moral Orientations: Gender Differences and Similarities.’
38. Micaela Di Leonardo (1987), ‘The Female World of Cards and Holidays: Women, Families and the Work of Kinship.’
39. Stephen J. Thoma (1986), ‘Estimating Gender Differences in the Comprehension and Preference of Moral Issues.’
40. Maureen Rose Ford and Carol Rotter Lowery (1986), ‘Gender Differences in Moral Reasoning: A Comparison of the Sue of Justice and Care Orientations.’
41. Janet P. Boldizar, Kenneth L. Wilson and Deborah Kay Deemer (1989), ‘Gender, Life Experiences and Moral Judgment Development: A Process-Oriented Approach.’
42. Linda K. Kerber, Catherine G. Greeno and Eleanor E. Maccoby, Zella Luria, Carol B. Stack and Carol Gilligan (1986), ‘On In a Different Voice: An Interdisciplinary Forum.’
Name Index
Volume III
Acknowledgements
Introduction
PART I PERSONALITY
1. Alice H. Eagly and Maureen Crowley (1986), ‘Gender and Helping Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Social Psychological Literature.’
2. Alice H. Eagly and Blair T. Johnson (1990), ‘Gender and Leadership Style: A Meta-Analysis.’
3. Nancy Eisenberg and Randy Lennon (1983), ‘Sex Differences in Empathy and Related Capacities.’
4. Eleanor Maccoby (1990), ‘Gender and Relationships: A Developmental Account.’
5. Tomi-Ann Roberts and Susan Nolen-Hoeksema (1989), ‘Sex Differences in Reactions to Evaluative Feedback.’
6. Irene Hanson Frieze, Bernard E. Whitely, Jr., Barbara Hartman Hanusa and Maureen C. McHugh (1982), ‘Assessing the Theoretical Models for Sex Differences in Causal Attributions for Success and Failure.’
7. Hannah Lerman (1986), ‘From Freud to Feminist Personality Theory: Getting Here from There.’
8. Janet T. Spence and Robert L. Helmreich (1979), ‘Comparison of Masculine and Feminine Personality Attributes and Sex-Role Attitudes Across Age Groups.’
9. Marylee C. Taylor and Judith A. Hall (1982), ‘Psychological Androgyny: Theories, Methods and Conclusions.’
PART II MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
10. Susan Nolen-Hoeksema (1987), ‘Sex Differences in Unipolar Depression: Evidence and Theory.’
11. Denise B. Kandel and Mark Davies (1982), ‘Epidemiology of Depressive Mood in Adolescents: An Empirical Study.’
12. Janice C. Stapley and Jeannette M. Haviland (1989), ‘Beyond Depression: Gender Differences in Normal Adolescents'' Emotional Experiences.’
13. Rena L. Repetti and Faye Crosby (1984), ‘Gender and Depression: Exploring the Adult Role Explanation.’
14. Rena L. Repetti, Karen A. Matthews and Ingrid Waldron (1989), ‘Employment and Women''s Health: Effects of Paid Employment on Women''s Mental and Physical Health.’
15. Jill M. Goldstein and Bruce G. Link (1988), ‘Gender and the Expression of Schizophrenia.’
16. A. James and E. Taylor (1990), ‘Sex Differences in the Hyperkinetic Syndrome of Childhood.’
PART III POWER/AGGRESSION/HIERARCHY
17. Janet Shibley Hyde (1984), ‘How Large are Gender Differences in Aggression? A Developmental Meta-Analysis.’
18. Alice H. Eagly and Valerie J. Steffen (1986), ‘Gender and Aggressive Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Social Psychological Literature.’
19. John Hagan, John Simpson and A.R. Gillis (1987), ‘Class in the Household: A Power-Control Theory of Gender and Delinquency.’
20. Belle Rose Ragins and Eric Sundstrom (1989), ‘Gender and Power in Organizations: A Longitudinal Perspective.’
21. Linda D. Molm (1985), ‘Gender and Power Use: An Experimental Analysis of Behavior and Perceptions.’
22. John F. Dovidio, Clifford E. Brown, Karen Heltman, Steve L. Ellyson and Caroline F. Keating (1988), ‘Power Displays Between Women and Men in Discussions of Gender-Linked Tasks: A Multichannel Study.’
23. Gloria Cowan, Joan Drinkard and Laurie MacGavin (1984), ‘The Effects of Target, Age and Gender on use of Power Strategies.’
24. Beverly I. Fagot, Mary D. Leinbach and Richard Hagan (1986), ‘Gender Labeling and the Adoption of Sex-Typed Behaviors.’
25. David G. Winter (1988), ‘The Power Motive in Women – and Men.’
26. David Lisak (1991), ‘Sexual Aggression, Masculinity, and Fathers.’
Name Index
Volume IV
Acknowledgements
Introduction
PART I NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
1. Nancy M. Henley (1973), ‘Status and Sex: Some Troubling Observations.’
2. Nancy M. Henley (1974), ‘Power, Sex and Nonverbal Communication.’
3. Shirley Weitz (1976), ‘Sex Differences in Nonverbal Communication.’
4. Carol W. Kennedy and Carl Camden (1983), ‘Interruptions and Nonverbal Gender Differences.’
5. Bella M. DePaulo, Julie I. Stone and G. Daniel Lassiter (1985), ‘Telling Ingratiating Lies: Effects of Target Sex and Target Attractiveness on Verbal and Nonverbal Deceptive Success.’
6. Janis F. Andersen, Peter A. Andersen and Myron W. Lustig (1987), ‘Opposite Sex Touch Avoidance: A National Replication and Extension.’
7. Judith A. Hall (1978), ‘Gender Effects in Decoding Nonverbal Cues.’
8. Patricia Noller and Cynthia Gallois (1986), ‘Sending Emotional Messages in Marriage: Non-Verbal Behavior, Sex and Communication Clarity.’
9. Cecilia L. Ridgeway, Joseph Berger and LeRoy Smith (1985), ‘Nonverbal Cues and Status: An Expectation States Approach.’
PART II SELF-DISCLOSURE
10. James P. Grigsby and Donald Weatherley (1983), ‘Gender and Sex-Role Differences in Intimacy of Self-Disclosure.’
11. Linda Olshina Lavine and John P. Lombardo (1984), ‘Self-Disclosure: Intimate and Nonintimate Disclosures to Parents and Best Friends as a Function of Bem Sex-Role Category.’
12. Ellen T. Lewis and Patricia R. McCarthy (1988), ‘Perceptions of Self-Disclosure as a Function of Gender-Linked Variables.’
13. Jeanne M. Tschann (1988), ‘Self-Disclosure in Adult Friendship: Gender and Marital Status Differences.’
14. Sandra Petronio and Judith N. Martin (1986), ‘Ramifications of Revealing Private Information: A Gender Gap.’
15. David R. Shaffer and J. Kirby Ogden (1986), ‘On Sex Differences in Self-Disclosure During the Acquaintance Process: The Role of Anticipated Future Interaction.’
16. Sandra Petronio, Judith Martin and Robert Littlefield (1984), ‘Prerequisite Conditions for Self-Disclosing: A Gender Issue.’
17. Dalmas A. Taylor and Melissa Hinds (1985), ‘Disclosure Reciprocity and Liking as a Function of Gender and Personalism.’
18. Rebecca J. Welch Cline (1989), ‘The Politics of Intimacy: Costs and Benefits Determining Disclosure Intimacy in Male-Female Dyads.’
PART III SEXIST LANGUAGE
19. Janice Moulton, George M. Robinson and Cherin Elias (1978), ‘Sex Bias in Language Use: "Neutral" Pronouns that Aren''t.’
20. Wendy Martyna (1980), ‘Beyond the "He/Man" Approach: The Case for Nonsexist Language.’
21. John Briere and Cheryl Lanktree (1983), ‘Sex-Role Related Effects of Sex Bias in Language.’
22. Mykol C. Hamilton (1988), ‘Using Masculine Generics: Does Generic He Increase Male Bias in the User''s Imagery?’
23. Erica Wise and Janet Rafferty (1982), ‘Sex Bias and Language.’
24. Janet Shibley Hyde (1984), ‘Children''s Understanding of Sexist Language.’
PART IV GENDER AND LANGUAGE
25. Frances Fuchs Schachter, Ellen Shore, Robert Hodapp, Susan Chalfin and Carole Bundy (1978), ‘Do Girls Talk Earlier?: Mean Length of Utterance in Toddlers.’
26. Alicia Skinner Cook, Janet J. Fritz, Barbara L. McCornack and Cris Visperas (1985), ‘Early Gender Differences in the Functional Usage of Language.’
27. Michael D. Miller, Rodney A. Reynolds and Ronald E. Cambra (1987), ‘The Influence of Gender and Culture on Language Intensity.’
28. Robin Lakoff (1973), ‘Language and Woman''s Place.’
29. Anthony Mulac, John M. Wiemann, Sally J. Widenmann and Toni W. Gibson (1988), ‘Male/Female Language Differences and Effects in Same-Sex and Mixed-Sex Dyads: the Gender-Linked Language Effect.’
30. Kathryn Quina, Joseph A. Wingard and Henry G. Bates (1987), ‘Language Style and Gender Stereotypes in Person Perception.’
31. Christopher J. Zahn (1989), ‘The Bases for Differing Evaluations of Male and Female Speech: Evidence from Ratings of Transcribed Conversation.’
32. Cynthia S. Burggraf and Alan L. Sillars (1987), ‘A Critical Examination of Sex Differences in Marital Communication.’
33. Cynthia Fuchs Epstein (1986), ‘Symbolic Segregation: Similarities and Differences in the Language and Non-Verbal Communication of Women and Men.’
PART V THE WORD "GENDER"
34. Rhoda Kesler Unger (1979), ‘Toward a Redefinition of Sex and Gender.’
35. Kay Deaux (1984), ‘From Individual Differences to Social Categories: Analysis of a Decades Research on Gender.’
36. Kay Deaux and Brenda Major (1987), ‘Putting Gender into Context: An Interactive Model of Gender-Related Behavior.’
37. Candace West and Don H. Zimmerman (1987), ‘Doing Gender.’
Name Index
Acknowledgments
Introduction
PART I HISTORICAL ISSUES
1. Leta Stetter Hollingworth (1914), ‘Variability as Related to Sex Differences in Achievement: A Critique.’
2. Leta Stetter Hollingworth (19160, ’Sex Differences in Mental Traits.’
3. Leta Stetter Hollingworth (1918), ‘Comparison of the Sexes in Mental Traits.’
4. Helen Thompson Woolley (1910), ‘A Review of Recent Literature on the Psychology of Sex.’
5. Helen Thompson Woolley (1914), ‘The Psychology of Sex.’
6. Anne Anastasi (1981), ‘Sex Differences: Historical Perspectives and Methodological Implications.’
7. Janice Haaken (1988), ‘Field Dependence Research: A Historical Analysis of a Psychological Construct.’
PART II NEONATAL AND INFANCY PERIODS
8. Elizabeth J. Aries and Rose R. Olver (1985), ‘Sex Differences in the Development of a Separate Sense of Self During Infancy: Directions for Future Research.’
9. Thomas Gualtieri and Robert E. Hicks (1985), ‘An Immunoreactive Theory of Selective Male Affliction.’
10. Open Peer Commentary on T Gualtieri and R E Hicks (1985), ‘An Immunoreactive Theory of Selective Male Affliction.’
11. Carol Nagy Jacklin and Eleanor M. Maccoby (1982), ‘Length of Labor and Sex of Offspring.’
12. Anneliese F. Korner (1969),‘Neonatal Startles, Smiles, Erections and Reflex Sucks as Related to State, Sex and Individuality.’
13. Anneliese F. Korner, Byron W. Brown, Elaine P. Reade, David K. Stevenson, Stephen A. Fernbach and Valerie A. Thoma (1988), ‘State Behavior of Preterm Infants as a Function of Development, Individual and Sex Differences.’
14. Helen C. Kraemer, Anneliese F. Korner, Thomas Anders, Carol Nagy Jacklin and Sue Dimiceli (1985), ‘Obstetric Drugs and Infant Behavior: A Revaluation.’
15. Marilyn M. McMillen (1979), ‘Differential Mortality by Sex in Fetal and Neonatal Deaths.’
PART III BRAIN ORGANIZATION AND BRAIN INJURY
16. William Kerr Hahn (1987), ‘Cerebral Lateralization of Function: From Infancy Through Childhood.’
17. Andrew Kertesz and Thomas Benke (1989), ‘Sex Equality in Intrahemispheric Language Organization.’
18. Doreen Kimura (1987), ‘Are Men''s and Women''s Brains Really Different?’
19. Richard S. Lewis and Lois Christiansen (1989), ‘Intrahemispheric Sex Differences in the Functional Representation of Language and Praxic Functions in Normal Individuals.’
20. Jeannette McGlone (1980), ‘Sex Differences in Human Brain Asymmetry: A Critical Survey.’
21. Parley W. Newman, Karin Bunderson and Robert H. Brey (1985), ‘Brain Stem Electrical Responses of Stutterers and Normals by Sex, Ears and Recovery.’
22. L. Pizzamiglio, A. Mammucari and C. Razzano (1985), ‘Evidence for Sex Differences in Brain Organization in Recovery in Aphasia.’
23. Martha Taylor Sarno, Antonio Buonaguro and Eric Levita (1985), ‘Gender and Recovery from Aphasia after Stroke.’
24. Mirna I. Vrbancic and James L. Mosley (1988), ‘Sex-related Differences in Hemispheric Lateralization: A Function of Physical Maturation.’
PART IV MATURATION AND MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
25. Peter H. Buschang, Robert M. Baume, G. Gisela Nass (1983), ‘A Craniofacial Growth Maturity Gradient for Males and Females Between 4 and 16 years of Age.’
26. Rachel K. Clifton, Jane Gwiazda, Joseph A. Bauer, Marsha G. Clarkson and Richard M. Held (1988), ‘Growth in Head Size During Infancy: Implications for Sound Localization.’
27. Jerry R. Thomas and Karen E. French (1985), ‘Gender Differences Across Age in Motor Performance: A Meta-Analysis.’
28. Frank L. Smoll and Robert W. Schutz (1990), ‘Quantifying Gender Differences in Physical Performance: A Developmental Perspective.’
29. Warren O. Eaton and Lesley Reid Enns (1986), ‘Sex Differences in Human Motor Activity Level.’
30. Paula M. Duke, J. Merrill Carlsmith, Dennis Jennings, John A. Martin, Sanford M. Dornbusch, Ruth T. Gross and Bryna Siegel-Gorelick, ‘Educational Correlates of Early and Late Sexual Maturation in Adolescence.’
31. Lloyd G. Humphreys, Timothy C. Davey and Randolph K. Park (1985), ‘Longitudinal Corellation Analysis of Standing Height and Intelligence.’
32. Paula Rantakillio, L. von Wendt and Helena Mäkinen (1985), ‘Influence of Social Background on Psychomotor Development in the First Year of Life and its Correlation with Later Intellectual Capacity: A Prospective Cohort Study.’
33. Deborah P. Waber, Madeline B. Mann, James Merola and Patricia M. Moylan (1985), ‘Physical Maturation Rate and Cognitive Performance in Early Adolescence: A Longitudinal Examination.’
PART V HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
34. Jo-Anne Finegan, Betty Bartleman and P.Y. Wong (1989), ‘A Window for the Study of Prenatal Sex Hormone Influences on Postnatal Development.’
35. Anke A. Ehrhardt (1985), ‘The Psychobiology of Gender.’
36. Carol Nagy Jacklin, Karen Thompson Wilcox and Eleanor E. Maccoby (1988), ‘Neonatal Sex-Steroid Hormones and Cognitive Abilities at six Years.’
37. Elizabeth J. Susman, Gale Inoff-Germain, Editha D. Nottelmann, D. Lynn Loriaux, Gordon B. Cutler, Jr., and George P. Chrousos (1987), ‘Hormones, Emotional Dispositions and Aggressive Attributes in Young Adolescents.’
38. Elizabeth J. Susman, E.D. Nottlemann, G.E. Inoff-Germain, L.D. Dorn, G.B. Cutler, D.L. Loriaux, G.P. Chrousos (1985), "The Relation of Relative Hormonal Levels and Physical Development and Social-Emotional Behavior in Young Adolescents"
39. J. Brooks-Gunn and Michelle P. Warren (1989), ‘Biological and Social Contributions to Negative Affect in Young Adolescent Girls.’
40. Michelle P. Warren and J. Brooks-Gunn (1989), ‘Mood and Behavior at Adolescence: Evidence for Hormonal Factors.’
41. William R. Hazzard (1986), ‘Biological Basis of the Sex Differential in Longevity.’
Name Index
Volume II
Acknowledgements
Introduction
PART I METHODOLOGICAL AND CONCEPTUAL ISSUES
1. Earl R. Carlson and Rae Carlson (1960), ‘Male and Female Subjects in Personality Research.’
2. Alice H. Eagly (1987), ‘Reporting Sex Differences.’
3. Alice H. Eagly (1990), ‘On the Advantages of Reporting Sex Comparisons.’
4. Janet Shibley Hyde (1990), ‘Meta-Analysis and the Psychology of Gender Differences.’
5. Nancy M. Henley (1985), ‘Psychology and Gender.’
6. Carol Nagy Jacklin (1981), ‘Methodological Issues in the Study of Sex-Related Differences.’
7. Lorraine B. Code (1981), ‘Is the Sex of the Knower Epistemologically Significant ?’
8. Rachel T. Hare-Mustin and Jeanne Marecek (1988), ‘The Meaning of Difference: Gender Theory, Postmodernism and Psychology.’
9. Inge K. Broverman, Donald M. Broverman, Frank E. Clarkson, Paul S. Rosenkrantz and Susan R. Vogel (1970), ‘Sex-Role Stereotypes and Clinical Judgments of Mental Health.’
10. Inge K. Broverman, Susan Raymond Vogel, Donald M. Broverman, Frank E. Clarkson and Paul S. Rosenkrantz (1972), ‘Sex-Role Stereotypes: A Current Appraisal.’
11. Thomas A. Widiger and Shirley A. Settle, (1987), ‘Broverman et al Revisited: An Artifactual Sex Bias.’
PART II COGNITIVE ABILITIES
12. Alan Feingold (1988), ‘Cognitive Gender Differences are Disappearing.’
13. Robert Rosenthal and Donald B. Rubin (1982), ‘Further Meta-Analytic Procedures for Assessing Cognitive Gender Differences.’
14. Janet Shibley Hyde and Marcia C. Linn (1988), ‘Gender Differences in Verbal Ability: A Meta-Analysis.’
15. Marcia C. Linn and Anne C. Petersen (1985), ‘Emergence and Characterization of Sex Differences in Spatial Ability: A Meta-Analysis.
16. Janet Shibley Hyde, Elizabeth Fennema and Susan J. Lamon (1990), ‘Gender Differences in Mathematics Performance: A Meta-Analysis.’
17. Meredith M. Kimball (1989), ‘A New Perspective on Women''s Math Achievement.’
18. Camilla Persson Benbow and Julian C. Stanley (1980), ‘Sex Differences in Mathematical Ability. Fact or Artifact?’
19. Camilla Persson Benbow and Julian C. Stanley (1982), ‘Consequences in High School and College of Sex Differences in Mathematical Reasoning Ability: A Longitudinal Perspective.’
20. Camilla Persson Benbow and Julian C. Stanley (1983), ‘Sex Differences in Mathematical Ability: More Facts.’
21. Jacquelynne E. Parsons, Terry F. Adler and Caroline M. Kaczala (1982), ‘Socialization of Acheivement Attitudes and Beliefs: Parental Influences.’
22. Jacquelynne E. Parsons, Caroline M. Kaczala and Judith L. Meece (1982), ‘Socialization of Achievement Attitudes and Beliefs: Classroom Influences.’
23. Jacquelynne S. Eccles and Janis E. Jacobs (1986), ‘Social Forces Shape Math Attitudes and Performance.’
PART III SOCIALIZATION
24. Hugh Lytton and David M. Romney (1991), ‘Parents'' Differential Socialization of Boys and Girls: A Meta-Analysis.’
25. David C. Bellinger and Jean Berko Gleason (1982), ‘Sex Differences in Parental Directives to Young Children.’
26. Esther Blan Greif (1980), ‘Sex Differences in Parent-Child Conversations.’
27. Kay Bussey and Albert Bandura (1984), ‘Influence of Gender Constancy and Social Power on Sex-Linked Modeling.’
28. David G. Perry and Kay Bussey (1979), ‘The Social Learning Theory of Sex Differences: Imitation is Alive and Well.’
29. Beverly I. Fagot (1985), ‘Changes in Thinking about Early Sex-Role Development.’
30. Sandra Lipsitz Bem (1981), ‘Gender Schema Theory: A Cognitive Account of Sex-Typing.’
31. Sandra Lipsitz Bem (1983), ‘Gender Schema Theory and its Implications for Child Development: Raising Gender-Aschematic Children in a Gender Schematic Society.’
32. Nancy Eisenberg, Karlsson Roth, Karyl A. Bryniarski and Edward Murray (1984), ‘Sex Differences in the Relationship of Height to Children''s Actual and Attributed Social and Cognitive Competencies.’
33. Lynn S. Liben and Margaret L. Signorella (1980), ‘Gender-Related Schemata and Constructive Memory in Children.’
34. Carol Lynn Martin and Charles F. Halverson, Jr. (1981), ‘A Schematic Processing Model of Sex-Typing and Stereotyping in Children.’
35. Carol Lynn Martin and Charles F. Halverson, Jr. (1983), ‘The Effects of Sex-Typing Schemas on Young Children''s Memory.’
PART IV MORAL DEVELOPMENT
36. Carol Gilligan (1977), ‘In a Different Voice: Women''s Conceptions of Self and of Morality.’
37. Carol Gilligan and Jane Attanucci (1988), ‘Two Moral Orientations: Gender Differences and Similarities.’
38. Micaela Di Leonardo (1987), ‘The Female World of Cards and Holidays: Women, Families and the Work of Kinship.’
39. Stephen J. Thoma (1986), ‘Estimating Gender Differences in the Comprehension and Preference of Moral Issues.’
40. Maureen Rose Ford and Carol Rotter Lowery (1986), ‘Gender Differences in Moral Reasoning: A Comparison of the Sue of Justice and Care Orientations.’
41. Janet P. Boldizar, Kenneth L. Wilson and Deborah Kay Deemer (1989), ‘Gender, Life Experiences and Moral Judgment Development: A Process-Oriented Approach.’
42. Linda K. Kerber, Catherine G. Greeno and Eleanor E. Maccoby, Zella Luria, Carol B. Stack and Carol Gilligan (1986), ‘On In a Different Voice: An Interdisciplinary Forum.’
Name Index
Volume III
Acknowledgements
Introduction
PART I PERSONALITY
1. Alice H. Eagly and Maureen Crowley (1986), ‘Gender and Helping Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Social Psychological Literature.’
2. Alice H. Eagly and Blair T. Johnson (1990), ‘Gender and Leadership Style: A Meta-Analysis.’
3. Nancy Eisenberg and Randy Lennon (1983), ‘Sex Differences in Empathy and Related Capacities.’
4. Eleanor Maccoby (1990), ‘Gender and Relationships: A Developmental Account.’
5. Tomi-Ann Roberts and Susan Nolen-Hoeksema (1989), ‘Sex Differences in Reactions to Evaluative Feedback.’
6. Irene Hanson Frieze, Bernard E. Whitely, Jr., Barbara Hartman Hanusa and Maureen C. McHugh (1982), ‘Assessing the Theoretical Models for Sex Differences in Causal Attributions for Success and Failure.’
7. Hannah Lerman (1986), ‘From Freud to Feminist Personality Theory: Getting Here from There.’
8. Janet T. Spence and Robert L. Helmreich (1979), ‘Comparison of Masculine and Feminine Personality Attributes and Sex-Role Attitudes Across Age Groups.’
9. Marylee C. Taylor and Judith A. Hall (1982), ‘Psychological Androgyny: Theories, Methods and Conclusions.’
PART II MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
10. Susan Nolen-Hoeksema (1987), ‘Sex Differences in Unipolar Depression: Evidence and Theory.’
11. Denise B. Kandel and Mark Davies (1982), ‘Epidemiology of Depressive Mood in Adolescents: An Empirical Study.’
12. Janice C. Stapley and Jeannette M. Haviland (1989), ‘Beyond Depression: Gender Differences in Normal Adolescents'' Emotional Experiences.’
13. Rena L. Repetti and Faye Crosby (1984), ‘Gender and Depression: Exploring the Adult Role Explanation.’
14. Rena L. Repetti, Karen A. Matthews and Ingrid Waldron (1989), ‘Employment and Women''s Health: Effects of Paid Employment on Women''s Mental and Physical Health.’
15. Jill M. Goldstein and Bruce G. Link (1988), ‘Gender and the Expression of Schizophrenia.’
16. A. James and E. Taylor (1990), ‘Sex Differences in the Hyperkinetic Syndrome of Childhood.’
PART III POWER/AGGRESSION/HIERARCHY
17. Janet Shibley Hyde (1984), ‘How Large are Gender Differences in Aggression? A Developmental Meta-Analysis.’
18. Alice H. Eagly and Valerie J. Steffen (1986), ‘Gender and Aggressive Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Social Psychological Literature.’
19. John Hagan, John Simpson and A.R. Gillis (1987), ‘Class in the Household: A Power-Control Theory of Gender and Delinquency.’
20. Belle Rose Ragins and Eric Sundstrom (1989), ‘Gender and Power in Organizations: A Longitudinal Perspective.’
21. Linda D. Molm (1985), ‘Gender and Power Use: An Experimental Analysis of Behavior and Perceptions.’
22. John F. Dovidio, Clifford E. Brown, Karen Heltman, Steve L. Ellyson and Caroline F. Keating (1988), ‘Power Displays Between Women and Men in Discussions of Gender-Linked Tasks: A Multichannel Study.’
23. Gloria Cowan, Joan Drinkard and Laurie MacGavin (1984), ‘The Effects of Target, Age and Gender on use of Power Strategies.’
24. Beverly I. Fagot, Mary D. Leinbach and Richard Hagan (1986), ‘Gender Labeling and the Adoption of Sex-Typed Behaviors.’
25. David G. Winter (1988), ‘The Power Motive in Women – and Men.’
26. David Lisak (1991), ‘Sexual Aggression, Masculinity, and Fathers.’
Name Index
Volume IV
Acknowledgements
Introduction
PART I NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
1. Nancy M. Henley (1973), ‘Status and Sex: Some Troubling Observations.’
2. Nancy M. Henley (1974), ‘Power, Sex and Nonverbal Communication.’
3. Shirley Weitz (1976), ‘Sex Differences in Nonverbal Communication.’
4. Carol W. Kennedy and Carl Camden (1983), ‘Interruptions and Nonverbal Gender Differences.’
5. Bella M. DePaulo, Julie I. Stone and G. Daniel Lassiter (1985), ‘Telling Ingratiating Lies: Effects of Target Sex and Target Attractiveness on Verbal and Nonverbal Deceptive Success.’
6. Janis F. Andersen, Peter A. Andersen and Myron W. Lustig (1987), ‘Opposite Sex Touch Avoidance: A National Replication and Extension.’
7. Judith A. Hall (1978), ‘Gender Effects in Decoding Nonverbal Cues.’
8. Patricia Noller and Cynthia Gallois (1986), ‘Sending Emotional Messages in Marriage: Non-Verbal Behavior, Sex and Communication Clarity.’
9. Cecilia L. Ridgeway, Joseph Berger and LeRoy Smith (1985), ‘Nonverbal Cues and Status: An Expectation States Approach.’
PART II SELF-DISCLOSURE
10. James P. Grigsby and Donald Weatherley (1983), ‘Gender and Sex-Role Differences in Intimacy of Self-Disclosure.’
11. Linda Olshina Lavine and John P. Lombardo (1984), ‘Self-Disclosure: Intimate and Nonintimate Disclosures to Parents and Best Friends as a Function of Bem Sex-Role Category.’
12. Ellen T. Lewis and Patricia R. McCarthy (1988), ‘Perceptions of Self-Disclosure as a Function of Gender-Linked Variables.’
13. Jeanne M. Tschann (1988), ‘Self-Disclosure in Adult Friendship: Gender and Marital Status Differences.’
14. Sandra Petronio and Judith N. Martin (1986), ‘Ramifications of Revealing Private Information: A Gender Gap.’
15. David R. Shaffer and J. Kirby Ogden (1986), ‘On Sex Differences in Self-Disclosure During the Acquaintance Process: The Role of Anticipated Future Interaction.’
16. Sandra Petronio, Judith Martin and Robert Littlefield (1984), ‘Prerequisite Conditions for Self-Disclosing: A Gender Issue.’
17. Dalmas A. Taylor and Melissa Hinds (1985), ‘Disclosure Reciprocity and Liking as a Function of Gender and Personalism.’
18. Rebecca J. Welch Cline (1989), ‘The Politics of Intimacy: Costs and Benefits Determining Disclosure Intimacy in Male-Female Dyads.’
PART III SEXIST LANGUAGE
19. Janice Moulton, George M. Robinson and Cherin Elias (1978), ‘Sex Bias in Language Use: "Neutral" Pronouns that Aren''t.’
20. Wendy Martyna (1980), ‘Beyond the "He/Man" Approach: The Case for Nonsexist Language.’
21. John Briere and Cheryl Lanktree (1983), ‘Sex-Role Related Effects of Sex Bias in Language.’
22. Mykol C. Hamilton (1988), ‘Using Masculine Generics: Does Generic He Increase Male Bias in the User''s Imagery?’
23. Erica Wise and Janet Rafferty (1982), ‘Sex Bias and Language.’
24. Janet Shibley Hyde (1984), ‘Children''s Understanding of Sexist Language.’
PART IV GENDER AND LANGUAGE
25. Frances Fuchs Schachter, Ellen Shore, Robert Hodapp, Susan Chalfin and Carole Bundy (1978), ‘Do Girls Talk Earlier?: Mean Length of Utterance in Toddlers.’
26. Alicia Skinner Cook, Janet J. Fritz, Barbara L. McCornack and Cris Visperas (1985), ‘Early Gender Differences in the Functional Usage of Language.’
27. Michael D. Miller, Rodney A. Reynolds and Ronald E. Cambra (1987), ‘The Influence of Gender and Culture on Language Intensity.’
28. Robin Lakoff (1973), ‘Language and Woman''s Place.’
29. Anthony Mulac, John M. Wiemann, Sally J. Widenmann and Toni W. Gibson (1988), ‘Male/Female Language Differences and Effects in Same-Sex and Mixed-Sex Dyads: the Gender-Linked Language Effect.’
30. Kathryn Quina, Joseph A. Wingard and Henry G. Bates (1987), ‘Language Style and Gender Stereotypes in Person Perception.’
31. Christopher J. Zahn (1989), ‘The Bases for Differing Evaluations of Male and Female Speech: Evidence from Ratings of Transcribed Conversation.’
32. Cynthia S. Burggraf and Alan L. Sillars (1987), ‘A Critical Examination of Sex Differences in Marital Communication.’
33. Cynthia Fuchs Epstein (1986), ‘Symbolic Segregation: Similarities and Differences in the Language and Non-Verbal Communication of Women and Men.’
PART V THE WORD "GENDER"
34. Rhoda Kesler Unger (1979), ‘Toward a Redefinition of Sex and Gender.’
35. Kay Deaux (1984), ‘From Individual Differences to Social Categories: Analysis of a Decades Research on Gender.’
36. Kay Deaux and Brenda Major (1987), ‘Putting Gender into Context: An Interactive Model of Gender-Related Behavior.’
37. Candace West and Don H. Zimmerman (1987), ‘Doing Gender.’
Name Index
