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The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty
Concepts, Research, Policy
9781848443341 Edward Elgar Publishing
In the interests of contextualising (and nuancing) the multiple interrelations between gender and poverty, Sylvia Chant has gathered writings on diverse aspects of the subject from a range of disciplinary and professional perspectives, achieving extensive thematic as well as geographical coverage. This benchmark volume presents women’s and men’s experiences of gendered poverty with respect to a vast spectrum of intersecting issues including local to global economic transformations, family, age, ‘race’, migration, assets, paid and unpaid work, health, sexuality, human rights, and conflict and violence.
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Critical Acclaim
Contributors
Contents
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In the interests of contextualising (and nuancing) the multiple interrelations between gender and poverty, Sylvia Chant has gathered writings on diverse aspects of the subject from a range of disciplinary and professional perspectives, achieving extensive thematic as well as geographical coverage. This benchmark volume presents women’s and men’s experiences of gendered poverty with respect to a vast spectrum of intersecting issues including local to global economic transformations, family, age, ‘race’, migration, assets, paid and unpaid work, health, sexuality, human rights, and conflict and violence.
The Handbook also provides up-to-the-minute reflections on how to theorise, measure and represent the connections between gender and poverty, and to contemplate how gendered poverty is affected – and potentially redressed – by policy and grassroots interventions. An unprecedented and ambitious blend of conceptual, methodological, empirical and practical offerings from a host of established as well as upcoming scholars and professionals from across the globe lends the volume a distinctive and critical edge. Notwithstanding the broad scope of The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty, one theme in common to most of its 100-plus chapters is the need to ‘en-gender’ analysis and initiatives to combat poverty and inequality at local, national and international levels. As such, the volume will inspire its readers not only to reflect deeply on poverty and gender injustice, but also to consider what to do about it.
This book will be essential reading for all with academic, professional or personal interests in gender, poverty, inequality, development, and social, political and economic change in the contemporary world.
The Handbook also provides up-to-the-minute reflections on how to theorise, measure and represent the connections between gender and poverty, and to contemplate how gendered poverty is affected – and potentially redressed – by policy and grassroots interventions. An unprecedented and ambitious blend of conceptual, methodological, empirical and practical offerings from a host of established as well as upcoming scholars and professionals from across the globe lends the volume a distinctive and critical edge. Notwithstanding the broad scope of The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty, one theme in common to most of its 100-plus chapters is the need to ‘en-gender’ analysis and initiatives to combat poverty and inequality at local, national and international levels. As such, the volume will inspire its readers not only to reflect deeply on poverty and gender injustice, but also to consider what to do about it.
This book will be essential reading for all with academic, professional or personal interests in gender, poverty, inequality, development, and social, political and economic change in the contemporary world.
Critical Acclaim
‘The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty is an inevitably hefty tome that makes possibly the most comprehensive contribution to a detailed and thorough analysis of gendered dimensions of international poverty contexts, causes, and consequences ever brought together into one volume. . . I would strongly recommend this collection as a key reference work in any educational library, or development/government institution. While providing a specialist focus on gendered dimensions of poverty across multiple axes of difference, it presents clearly articulated, simultaneously accessible, and sophisticated contemporary analyses that would be of use and appeal to a wide audience.’
– Suzanne Clisby, Gender & Development
‘. . . this is an essential resource on gender, poverty, and development. The dense analysis and data would be most accessible to graduate students, faculty, and policy analysts, but undergraduates could use the literature review essays as starting points. The volume has a comprehensive index, a list of contributors, and a glossary of abbreviations, and each chapter has a selected bibliography.’
– Jeanne Armstrong, Feminist Collections
‘With its breadth and depth, The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty certainly deserves a place on the bookshelves of university libraries and of every academic and development professional with a specific interest in gender and development.’
– Gender in Management: An International Journal
‘I recommend this book to be a staple of reference libraries.’
– British Politics and Policy
‘With international attention focused on halving poverty by 2015, the appearance of The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty is both timely and essential. Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for producing a state-of-the-art compendium of everything you need to know about the often hidden, gendered, dimensions of poverty. Edited and written by leading scholars and policy advisers, the Handbook comprehensively covers the key themes that are vital to understanding poverty as a gendered process, combining policy lessons with theoretical insight. Richly illustrated with examples from across the world, this book will not only be welcomed by all those dedicated to the study of poverty, but, by casting new light on its causes, will also help to develop appropriate measures to tackle it.’
– Professor Maxine Molyneux, Institute for the Study of the Americas, University of London, UK
‘While each of the articles in this impressive collection makes an original contribution to the conceptual, empirical and policy analysis of gender and poverty, together they provide a comprehensive overview of the field and an essential resource for all sections of the development community. Professor Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for bringing together some of the leading thinkers in the field from across the world. This is not only an unprecedented feat of international co-operation but feminist collaboration at its best.’
– Professor Naila Kabeer, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK
‘These diverse, thoughtful essays go far beyond a mere summary of international scholarship. They outline a fascinating and provocative agenda for future policy-relevant research. This book will help redefine and revitalise the field of gender and development.’
– Professor Nancy Folbre, Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
– Suzanne Clisby, Gender & Development
‘. . . this is an essential resource on gender, poverty, and development. The dense analysis and data would be most accessible to graduate students, faculty, and policy analysts, but undergraduates could use the literature review essays as starting points. The volume has a comprehensive index, a list of contributors, and a glossary of abbreviations, and each chapter has a selected bibliography.’
– Jeanne Armstrong, Feminist Collections
‘With its breadth and depth, The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty certainly deserves a place on the bookshelves of university libraries and of every academic and development professional with a specific interest in gender and development.’
– Gender in Management: An International Journal
‘I recommend this book to be a staple of reference libraries.’
– British Politics and Policy
‘With international attention focused on halving poverty by 2015, the appearance of The International Handbook of Gender and Poverty is both timely and essential. Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for producing a state-of-the-art compendium of everything you need to know about the often hidden, gendered, dimensions of poverty. Edited and written by leading scholars and policy advisers, the Handbook comprehensively covers the key themes that are vital to understanding poverty as a gendered process, combining policy lessons with theoretical insight. Richly illustrated with examples from across the world, this book will not only be welcomed by all those dedicated to the study of poverty, but, by casting new light on its causes, will also help to develop appropriate measures to tackle it.’
– Professor Maxine Molyneux, Institute for the Study of the Americas, University of London, UK
‘While each of the articles in this impressive collection makes an original contribution to the conceptual, empirical and policy analysis of gender and poverty, together they provide a comprehensive overview of the field and an essential resource for all sections of the development community. Professor Sylvia Chant is to be congratulated for bringing together some of the leading thinkers in the field from across the world. This is not only an unprecedented feat of international co-operation but feminist collaboration at its best.’
– Professor Naila Kabeer, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK
‘These diverse, thoughtful essays go far beyond a mere summary of international scholarship. They outline a fascinating and provocative agenda for future policy-relevant research. This book will help redefine and revitalise the field of gender and development.’
– Professor Nancy Folbre, Department of Economics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
Contributors
Contributors: I. Aboderin, C. Alexander, S. Ashwin, R. Bali Swain, S. Barrientos, A. Baschieri, J. Beall, G. Beetham, S. Bessell, I. Bibars, K. Bird, S. Bradshaw, C. Brickell, K. Brickell, J. Briggs, L. Brydon, M. Budowski, C. Campbell, B. Casier, S. Chant, S. Chari, M. Chen, A. Coates, A. Cornwall, J. Costa, T. Davids, C.D. Deere, D. Drechsler, D. Elson, J. Espey, M. Evandrou, A. Evans, J. Falkingham, E. Fransen, Y. Fujikake, S. Gammage, S. Garikipati, A. Gibbs, J. Gideon, M. González de la Rocha, H. Graham, M. Gutmann, L. Guzmán Stein, N. Hamed, C. Hayes, J. Heintz, R. Holmes, J. Hunt, H. Izazola, C. Jackson, K. Jassey, G. Johnsson-Latham, S. Jolly, G.A. Jones, N. Jones, J. Jütting, P. Kantor, M. Koster, S. Kumar, B. Lemire, A. Lind, B. Linneker, R. Lister, A.Y.C. Liu, K. Maclean, S. Madhok, L. Mayoux, L. McDowell, C. McIlwaine, K. Meagher, M. Medeiros, C. Menjívar, J. Millar, S. Mills, F. Miraftab, D. Mitlin, F. Mohamed, J. Momsen, H.L. Moore, C. Moser, M. Mphale, I.B. Mutalima, K. Nakray, S. Nyanzi, J.L. Parpart, S. Patel, R. Pearson, D. Perrons, N. Piálek, J. Pineda, J. Plantenga, T. Pogge, A.R. Quisumbing, C. Rakodi, S. Razavi, L.A. Richey, A. Roy, H.I Safa, S. Sassen, G. Sen, J. Sender, J. Sharp, R. Sharp, E. Silva, R. Slater, D.J. Smith, S. Staab, C. Sweetman, C. Tacoli, S. Thomas de Benítez, F. Tonkiss, D.A. Trotz, F. van Driel, P. Vera-Sanso, A. Vlachantoni, T. Wallace, C.H. Williams, K. Willis, K. Wilson, H. Yacoub, A. Ypeij
Contents
Contents:
1. Gendered Poverty Across Space and Time: Introduction and Overview
Sylvia Chant
PART I: CONCEPTS AND METHODOLOGIES FOR GENDERED POVERTY
2. Strategic Gendering: One Factor in the Constituting of Novel Political Economies
Saskia Sassen
3. Subjectivity, Sexuality and Social Inequalities
Henrietta L. Moore
4. Power, Privilege and Gender as Reflected in Poverty Analysis and Development Goals
Gerd Johnsson-Latham
5. Gender Into Poverty Won’t Go: Reflections on Economic Growth, Gender Inequality and Poverty with Particular Reference to India
Cecile Jackson
6. Advancing the Scope of Gender and Poverty Indices: An Agenda and Work in Progress
Thomas Pogge
7. Methodologies for Gender-sensitive and Pro-poor Poverty Measures
Sharon Bessell
8. Multidimensional Poverty Measurement in Mexico and Central America: Incorporating Rights and Equality
Anna Coates
9. Gender, Time Poverty and Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach: Evidence From Guatemala
Sarah Gammage
10. Why is Progress in Gender Equality So Slow? An Introduction to the ‘Social Institutions and Gender’ Index
Dennis Drechsler and Johannes Jütting
11. Diamonds are a Girl’s Best Friend? Experiences with the Gender Action Learning System
Linda Mayoux
PART II: DEBATES ON THE ‘FEMINISATION OF POVERTY’, AND FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
12. The ‘Feminisation of Poverty’: A Widespread Phenomenon?
Marcelo Medeiros and Joana Costa
13. Poor Households or Poor Women: Is There a Difference?
Gita Sen
14. Globalisation and the Need for a ‘Gender Lens’: A Discussion of Dichotomies and Orthodoxies with Particular Reference to the ‘Feminisation of Poverty’
Tine Davids and Francien van Driel
15. Towards a (Re)Conceptualisation of the ‘Feminisation of Poverty’:
Reflections on Gender-differentiated Poverty from The Gambia, Philippines and Costa Rica
Sylvia Chant
16. Post-adjustment, Post-mitigation, ''Post-poverty’? The Feminisation of Family Responsibility in Contemporary Ghana
Lynne Brydon
17. Female-headed Households and Poverty in Latin America: State Policy in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic
Helen I. Safa
18. Gender, Households and Poverty in the Caribbean: Shadows Over Islands in the Sun
Janet Momsen
19. Poverty and Female-headed Households in Post-genocide Rwanda
Marian Koster
20. Between Stigmatisation and Survival: Poverty Among Migrant and Non-migrant Lone Mothers in the Netherlands
Annelou Ypeij
21. Lone Mothers, Poverty and Paid Work in the United Kingdom
Jane Millar
22. Urban Poverty and Gender in Advanced Economies: The Persistence of Feminised Disadvantage
Fran Tonkiss
PART III: GENDER, FAMILY AND LIFECOURSE
23. Gender and Household Decision-making in Developing Countries: A Review of Evidence
Agnes R. Quisumbing
24. Linking Women’s and Children’s Poverty
Ruth Lister
25. Reducing the Gender Gap in Education: The Role of Wage Labour for Rural Women in Mozambique
John Sender
26. Understanding the Gender Dynamics of Russia’s Economic Transformation: Women’s and Men’s Experiences of Employment, Domestic Labour and Poverty
Sarah Ashwin
27. Gender, Poverty and Transition in Central Asia
Jane Falkingham and Angela Baschieri
28. Urban Poverty, Heteronormativity and Women’s Agency in Lima, Peru: Family Life on the Margins
Carolyn H. Williams
29. Youth, Gender and Work on the Streets of Mexico
Gareth A. Jones and Sarah Thomas de Benítez
30. Sexuality, Poverty and Gender Among Gambian Youth
Alice Evans
31. Ghettoisation, Migration or Sexual Connection? Negotiating Survival Among Gambian Male Youths
Stella Nyanzi
32. Poverty and Old Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: Examining the Impacts of Gender with Particular Reference to Ghana
Isabella Aboderin
33. Gender, Urban Poverty and Ageing in India: Conceptual and Policy Issues
Penny Vera-Sanso
34. Poverty, Gender and Old Age: Pension Models in Costa Rica and Chile
Monica Budowski
35. Gender, Poverty and Pensions in the United Kingdom
Jane Falkingham, Maria Evandrou and Athina Vlachantoni
PART IV: GENDER, ‘RACE’ AND MIGRATION
36. Assessing Poverty, Gender and Well-being in ‘Northern’ Indigenous Communities
Janet Hunt
37. Gender and Ethnicity in the Shaping of Differentiated Outcomes of Mexico’s Progresa-Oportunidades Conditional Cash Transfer Programme
Mercedes González de la Rocha
38. Gender, Poverty, and National Identity in Afrodescendent and Indigenous Movements
Helen I. Safa
39. The Gendered Exclusions of International Migration: Perspectives from Latin American Migrants in London
Cathy McIlwaine
40. Latino Immigrants, Gender and Poverty in the United States
Cecilia Menjívar
41. Culturing Poverty? Ethnicity, Religion, Gender and Social Disadvantage Among South Asian Muslim Communities in the United Kingdom
Claire Alexander
42. Gender, Occupation, Loss and Dislocation: A Latvian Perspective
Linda McDowell
43. Gender, Poverty and Migration in Mexico
Haydea Izazola
44. Migration, Gender and Sexual Economies: Young Female Rural–Urban Migrants in Nigeria
Daniel Jordan Smith
45. Internal Mobility, Migration and Changing Gender Relations: Case Study Perspectives from Mali, Nigeria, Tanzania and Vietnam
Cecilia Tacoli
46. Picturing Gender and Poverty: From ‘Victimhood’ to ‘Agency’?
Kalpana Wilson
PART V: GENDER, HEALTH AND POVERTY
47. Poverty Gender and the Right to Health: Reflections with Particular Reference to Chile
Jasmine Gideon
48. Maternal Mortality in Latin America: A Matter of Gender and Ethnic Equality
Anna Coates
49. New Labyrinths of Solitude: Lonesome Mexican Migrant Men and AIDS
Matthew Gutmann
50. Gender, Poverty and AIDS: Perspectives with Particular Reference to Sub-Saharan Africa
Catherine Campbell and Andrew Gibbs
51. Gender, HIV/AIDS and Carework in India: A Need for Gender-sensitive Policy
Keerty Nakray
52. Women’s Smoking and Social Disadvantage
Hilary Graham
PART VI: GENDER, POVERTY AND ASSETS
53. Household Wealth and Women’s Poverty: Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Assessing Gender Inequality in Asset Ownership
Carmen Diana Deere
54. Gender, Poverty and Access to Land in Cities of the South
Carole Rakodi
55. Power, Patriarchy and Land: Examining Women’s Land Rights in Uganda and Rwanda
Kate Bird and Jessica Espey
56. Gender, Livelihoods and Rental Housing Markets in the Global South: The Urban Poor as Landlords and Tenants
Sunil Kumar
57. Renegotiating the Household: Successfully Leveraging Women’s Access to Housing Microfinance in South Africa
Sophie Mills
58. Gender Issues and Shack/Slum Dweller Federations
Sheela Patel and Diana Mitlin
59. Gender, Poverty and Social Capital: The Case of Oaxaca City, Mexico
Katie Willis
60. Moving Beyond Gender and Poverty to Asset Accumulation: Evidence from Low-income Households in Guayaquil, Ecuador
Caroline Moser
61. Conceptual and Practical Issues for Gender and Social Protection: Lessons from Lesotho
Rachel Slater, Rebecca Holmes, Nicola Jones and Matšeliso Mphale
PART VII: GENDER, POVERTY AND WORK
62. Gender, Work and Poverty in High-income Countries
Diane Perrons
63. The Extent and Origin of the Gender Pay Gap in Europe
Janneke Plantenga and Eva Fransen
64. Women’s Work, Nimble Fingers and Women’s Mobility in the Global Economy
Ruth Pearson
65. Gender, Poverty and Inequality: The Role of Markets, States and Households
Shahra Razavi and Silke Staab
66. Women’s Employment, Economic Risk and Poverty
James Heintz
67. Gender and Ethical Trade: Can Vulnerable Women Workers Benefit?
Stephanie Barrientos
68. Fraternal Capital and the Feminisation of Labour in South India
Sharad Chari
69. Economic Transition and the Gender Wage Gap in Vietnam: 1992–2002
Amy Y.C. Liu
70. Gender, Poverty and Work in Cambodia
Katherine Brickell
71. Informality, Poverty, and Gender: Evidence from the Global South
Marty Chen
72. The Empowerment Trap: Gender, Poverty and the Informal Economy in Sub-Saharan Africa
Kate Meagher
73. A Gendered Analysis of Decent Work Deficits in India’s Urban Informal Economy: Case Study Perspectives from Surat
Paula Kantor
74. Gender and Quality of Work in Latin America
Javier Pineda
75. Gender Inequalities and Poverty: A Simulation of the Likely Impacts of Reducing Labour Market Inequalities on Poverty Incidence in Latin America
Joana Costa and Elydia Silva
PART VIII: GENDERED POVERTY AND POLICY INTERVENTIONS
76. Gender, Poverty and Aid Architecture
Gwendolyn Beetham
77. Brand Aid? How Shopping Has Become ‘Saving African Women and Children with AIDS’
Lisa Ann Richey
78. Sweden to the Rescue? Fitting Brown Women into a Poverty Framework
Katja Jassey
79. Poverty Alleviation in a Changing Policy and Political Context: The Case of PRSPs with Particular Reference to Nicaragua
Sarah Bradshaw and Brian Linneker
80. Gender-responsive Budgeting and Women’s Poverty
Diane Elson and Rhonda Sharp
81. Reducing Gender Inequalities in Poverty: Considering Gender-sensitive Social Programmes in Costa Rica
Monica Budowski and Laura Guzmán Stein
82. Is Gender Inequality a Form of Poverty? Shifting Semantics in Oxfam GB’s Thinking and Practice
Nicholas Piálek
83. Tackling Poverty: Learning Together to Improve Women’s Rights Through Partnership – The Case of WOMANKIND Worldwide
Tina Wallace and Ceri Hayes
84. Millennial Woman: The Gender Order of Development
Ananya Roy
PART IX: MICROFINANCE AND WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT
85. The Housewife and the Marketplace: Practices of Credit and Savings from the Early Modern to Modern Era
Beverly Lemire
86. Money as Means or Money as End? Gendered Poverty, Microcredit and Women''s Empowerment in Tanzania
Fauzia Mohamed
87. Capitalising on Women’s Social Capital: Gender and Microfinance in Bolivia
Kate Maclean
88. ‘A Woman and an Empty House are Never Alone For Long’: Autonomy, Control, Marriage and Microfinance in Women’s Livelihoods in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Caroline Sweetman
89. Gender and Poverty in Egypt: Do Credit Projects Empower the Marginalised and the Destitute?
Iman Bibars
90. Women’s Empowerment: A Critical Re-evaluation of a GAD Poverty-alleviation Project in Egypt
Joanne Sharp, John Briggs, Hoda Yacoub and Nabila Hamed
91. Impacting Women through Financial Services: The Self Help Group Bank Linkage Programme in India and its Effects on Women’s Empowerment
Ranjula Bali Swain
92. Microcredit and Women’s Empowerment: Understanding the ‘Impact Paradox’ with Particular Reference to South India
Supriya Garikipati
93. Gender and Poverty in Microfinance: Illustrations from Zambia
Irene Banda Mutalima
94. The Impact of Microcredit Programmes on Survivalist Women Entrepreneurs in The Gambia and Senegal
Bart Casier
95. Methodologies for Evaluating Women’s Empowerment in Poverty Alleviation Programmes: Illustrations from Paraguay and Honduras
Yoko Fujikake
PART X: NEW FRONTIERS IN GENDERED POVERTY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS
96. Women, Poverty and Disasters: Exploring the Links through Hurricane Mitch in Nicaragua
Sarah Bradshaw
97. Decentralisation, Women’s Rights and Poverty: Learning from India and South Africa
Jo Beall
98. Poverty, Entitlement and Citizenship: Vernacular Rights Cultures in Southern Asia
Sumi Madhok
99. Contradictions in the Gender–Poverty Nexus: Reflections on the Privatisation of Social Reproduction and Urban Informality in South African Townships
Faranak Miraftab
100. Gender, Neoliberalism and Post-neoliberalism: Re-assessing the Institutionalisation of Women’s Struggles for Survival in Ecuador and Venezuela
Amy Lind
101. Who Does the Counting? Gender Mainstreaming, Grassroots Initiatives and Linking Women Across Space and ‘Race’ in Guyana
D. Alissa Trotz
102. Poverty, Religion and Gender: Perspectives from Albania
Claire Brickell
103. Sexuality, Gender and Poverty
Susie Jolly and Andrea Cornwall
104. Masculinity, Poverty and the ‘New Wars’
Jane L. Parpart
Index
1. Gendered Poverty Across Space and Time: Introduction and Overview
Sylvia Chant
PART I: CONCEPTS AND METHODOLOGIES FOR GENDERED POVERTY
2. Strategic Gendering: One Factor in the Constituting of Novel Political Economies
Saskia Sassen
3. Subjectivity, Sexuality and Social Inequalities
Henrietta L. Moore
4. Power, Privilege and Gender as Reflected in Poverty Analysis and Development Goals
Gerd Johnsson-Latham
5. Gender Into Poverty Won’t Go: Reflections on Economic Growth, Gender Inequality and Poverty with Particular Reference to India
Cecile Jackson
6. Advancing the Scope of Gender and Poverty Indices: An Agenda and Work in Progress
Thomas Pogge
7. Methodologies for Gender-sensitive and Pro-poor Poverty Measures
Sharon Bessell
8. Multidimensional Poverty Measurement in Mexico and Central America: Incorporating Rights and Equality
Anna Coates
9. Gender, Time Poverty and Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach: Evidence From Guatemala
Sarah Gammage
10. Why is Progress in Gender Equality So Slow? An Introduction to the ‘Social Institutions and Gender’ Index
Dennis Drechsler and Johannes Jütting
11. Diamonds are a Girl’s Best Friend? Experiences with the Gender Action Learning System
Linda Mayoux
PART II: DEBATES ON THE ‘FEMINISATION OF POVERTY’, AND FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
12. The ‘Feminisation of Poverty’: A Widespread Phenomenon?
Marcelo Medeiros and Joana Costa
13. Poor Households or Poor Women: Is There a Difference?
Gita Sen
14. Globalisation and the Need for a ‘Gender Lens’: A Discussion of Dichotomies and Orthodoxies with Particular Reference to the ‘Feminisation of Poverty’
Tine Davids and Francien van Driel
15. Towards a (Re)Conceptualisation of the ‘Feminisation of Poverty’:
Reflections on Gender-differentiated Poverty from The Gambia, Philippines and Costa Rica
Sylvia Chant
16. Post-adjustment, Post-mitigation, ''Post-poverty’? The Feminisation of Family Responsibility in Contemporary Ghana
Lynne Brydon
17. Female-headed Households and Poverty in Latin America: State Policy in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic
Helen I. Safa
18. Gender, Households and Poverty in the Caribbean: Shadows Over Islands in the Sun
Janet Momsen
19. Poverty and Female-headed Households in Post-genocide Rwanda
Marian Koster
20. Between Stigmatisation and Survival: Poverty Among Migrant and Non-migrant Lone Mothers in the Netherlands
Annelou Ypeij
21. Lone Mothers, Poverty and Paid Work in the United Kingdom
Jane Millar
22. Urban Poverty and Gender in Advanced Economies: The Persistence of Feminised Disadvantage
Fran Tonkiss
PART III: GENDER, FAMILY AND LIFECOURSE
23. Gender and Household Decision-making in Developing Countries: A Review of Evidence
Agnes R. Quisumbing
24. Linking Women’s and Children’s Poverty
Ruth Lister
25. Reducing the Gender Gap in Education: The Role of Wage Labour for Rural Women in Mozambique
John Sender
26. Understanding the Gender Dynamics of Russia’s Economic Transformation: Women’s and Men’s Experiences of Employment, Domestic Labour and Poverty
Sarah Ashwin
27. Gender, Poverty and Transition in Central Asia
Jane Falkingham and Angela Baschieri
28. Urban Poverty, Heteronormativity and Women’s Agency in Lima, Peru: Family Life on the Margins
Carolyn H. Williams
29. Youth, Gender and Work on the Streets of Mexico
Gareth A. Jones and Sarah Thomas de Benítez
30. Sexuality, Poverty and Gender Among Gambian Youth
Alice Evans
31. Ghettoisation, Migration or Sexual Connection? Negotiating Survival Among Gambian Male Youths
Stella Nyanzi
32. Poverty and Old Age in Sub-Saharan Africa: Examining the Impacts of Gender with Particular Reference to Ghana
Isabella Aboderin
33. Gender, Urban Poverty and Ageing in India: Conceptual and Policy Issues
Penny Vera-Sanso
34. Poverty, Gender and Old Age: Pension Models in Costa Rica and Chile
Monica Budowski
35. Gender, Poverty and Pensions in the United Kingdom
Jane Falkingham, Maria Evandrou and Athina Vlachantoni
PART IV: GENDER, ‘RACE’ AND MIGRATION
36. Assessing Poverty, Gender and Well-being in ‘Northern’ Indigenous Communities
Janet Hunt
37. Gender and Ethnicity in the Shaping of Differentiated Outcomes of Mexico’s Progresa-Oportunidades Conditional Cash Transfer Programme
Mercedes González de la Rocha
38. Gender, Poverty, and National Identity in Afrodescendent and Indigenous Movements
Helen I. Safa
39. The Gendered Exclusions of International Migration: Perspectives from Latin American Migrants in London
Cathy McIlwaine
40. Latino Immigrants, Gender and Poverty in the United States
Cecilia Menjívar
41. Culturing Poverty? Ethnicity, Religion, Gender and Social Disadvantage Among South Asian Muslim Communities in the United Kingdom
Claire Alexander
42. Gender, Occupation, Loss and Dislocation: A Latvian Perspective
Linda McDowell
43. Gender, Poverty and Migration in Mexico
Haydea Izazola
44. Migration, Gender and Sexual Economies: Young Female Rural–Urban Migrants in Nigeria
Daniel Jordan Smith
45. Internal Mobility, Migration and Changing Gender Relations: Case Study Perspectives from Mali, Nigeria, Tanzania and Vietnam
Cecilia Tacoli
46. Picturing Gender and Poverty: From ‘Victimhood’ to ‘Agency’?
Kalpana Wilson
PART V: GENDER, HEALTH AND POVERTY
47. Poverty Gender and the Right to Health: Reflections with Particular Reference to Chile
Jasmine Gideon
48. Maternal Mortality in Latin America: A Matter of Gender and Ethnic Equality
Anna Coates
49. New Labyrinths of Solitude: Lonesome Mexican Migrant Men and AIDS
Matthew Gutmann
50. Gender, Poverty and AIDS: Perspectives with Particular Reference to Sub-Saharan Africa
Catherine Campbell and Andrew Gibbs
51. Gender, HIV/AIDS and Carework in India: A Need for Gender-sensitive Policy
Keerty Nakray
52. Women’s Smoking and Social Disadvantage
Hilary Graham
PART VI: GENDER, POVERTY AND ASSETS
53. Household Wealth and Women’s Poverty: Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Assessing Gender Inequality in Asset Ownership
Carmen Diana Deere
54. Gender, Poverty and Access to Land in Cities of the South
Carole Rakodi
55. Power, Patriarchy and Land: Examining Women’s Land Rights in Uganda and Rwanda
Kate Bird and Jessica Espey
56. Gender, Livelihoods and Rental Housing Markets in the Global South: The Urban Poor as Landlords and Tenants
Sunil Kumar
57. Renegotiating the Household: Successfully Leveraging Women’s Access to Housing Microfinance in South Africa
Sophie Mills
58. Gender Issues and Shack/Slum Dweller Federations
Sheela Patel and Diana Mitlin
59. Gender, Poverty and Social Capital: The Case of Oaxaca City, Mexico
Katie Willis
60. Moving Beyond Gender and Poverty to Asset Accumulation: Evidence from Low-income Households in Guayaquil, Ecuador
Caroline Moser
61. Conceptual and Practical Issues for Gender and Social Protection: Lessons from Lesotho
Rachel Slater, Rebecca Holmes, Nicola Jones and Matšeliso Mphale
PART VII: GENDER, POVERTY AND WORK
62. Gender, Work and Poverty in High-income Countries
Diane Perrons
63. The Extent and Origin of the Gender Pay Gap in Europe
Janneke Plantenga and Eva Fransen
64. Women’s Work, Nimble Fingers and Women’s Mobility in the Global Economy
Ruth Pearson
65. Gender, Poverty and Inequality: The Role of Markets, States and Households
Shahra Razavi and Silke Staab
66. Women’s Employment, Economic Risk and Poverty
James Heintz
67. Gender and Ethical Trade: Can Vulnerable Women Workers Benefit?
Stephanie Barrientos
68. Fraternal Capital and the Feminisation of Labour in South India
Sharad Chari
69. Economic Transition and the Gender Wage Gap in Vietnam: 1992–2002
Amy Y.C. Liu
70. Gender, Poverty and Work in Cambodia
Katherine Brickell
71. Informality, Poverty, and Gender: Evidence from the Global South
Marty Chen
72. The Empowerment Trap: Gender, Poverty and the Informal Economy in Sub-Saharan Africa
Kate Meagher
73. A Gendered Analysis of Decent Work Deficits in India’s Urban Informal Economy: Case Study Perspectives from Surat
Paula Kantor
74. Gender and Quality of Work in Latin America
Javier Pineda
75. Gender Inequalities and Poverty: A Simulation of the Likely Impacts of Reducing Labour Market Inequalities on Poverty Incidence in Latin America
Joana Costa and Elydia Silva
PART VIII: GENDERED POVERTY AND POLICY INTERVENTIONS
76. Gender, Poverty and Aid Architecture
Gwendolyn Beetham
77. Brand Aid? How Shopping Has Become ‘Saving African Women and Children with AIDS’
Lisa Ann Richey
78. Sweden to the Rescue? Fitting Brown Women into a Poverty Framework
Katja Jassey
79. Poverty Alleviation in a Changing Policy and Political Context: The Case of PRSPs with Particular Reference to Nicaragua
Sarah Bradshaw and Brian Linneker
80. Gender-responsive Budgeting and Women’s Poverty
Diane Elson and Rhonda Sharp
81. Reducing Gender Inequalities in Poverty: Considering Gender-sensitive Social Programmes in Costa Rica
Monica Budowski and Laura Guzmán Stein
82. Is Gender Inequality a Form of Poverty? Shifting Semantics in Oxfam GB’s Thinking and Practice
Nicholas Piálek
83. Tackling Poverty: Learning Together to Improve Women’s Rights Through Partnership – The Case of WOMANKIND Worldwide
Tina Wallace and Ceri Hayes
84. Millennial Woman: The Gender Order of Development
Ananya Roy
PART IX: MICROFINANCE AND WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT
85. The Housewife and the Marketplace: Practices of Credit and Savings from the Early Modern to Modern Era
Beverly Lemire
86. Money as Means or Money as End? Gendered Poverty, Microcredit and Women''s Empowerment in Tanzania
Fauzia Mohamed
87. Capitalising on Women’s Social Capital: Gender and Microfinance in Bolivia
Kate Maclean
88. ‘A Woman and an Empty House are Never Alone For Long’: Autonomy, Control, Marriage and Microfinance in Women’s Livelihoods in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Caroline Sweetman
89. Gender and Poverty in Egypt: Do Credit Projects Empower the Marginalised and the Destitute?
Iman Bibars
90. Women’s Empowerment: A Critical Re-evaluation of a GAD Poverty-alleviation Project in Egypt
Joanne Sharp, John Briggs, Hoda Yacoub and Nabila Hamed
91. Impacting Women through Financial Services: The Self Help Group Bank Linkage Programme in India and its Effects on Women’s Empowerment
Ranjula Bali Swain
92. Microcredit and Women’s Empowerment: Understanding the ‘Impact Paradox’ with Particular Reference to South India
Supriya Garikipati
93. Gender and Poverty in Microfinance: Illustrations from Zambia
Irene Banda Mutalima
94. The Impact of Microcredit Programmes on Survivalist Women Entrepreneurs in The Gambia and Senegal
Bart Casier
95. Methodologies for Evaluating Women’s Empowerment in Poverty Alleviation Programmes: Illustrations from Paraguay and Honduras
Yoko Fujikake
PART X: NEW FRONTIERS IN GENDERED POVERTY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS
96. Women, Poverty and Disasters: Exploring the Links through Hurricane Mitch in Nicaragua
Sarah Bradshaw
97. Decentralisation, Women’s Rights and Poverty: Learning from India and South Africa
Jo Beall
98. Poverty, Entitlement and Citizenship: Vernacular Rights Cultures in Southern Asia
Sumi Madhok
99. Contradictions in the Gender–Poverty Nexus: Reflections on the Privatisation of Social Reproduction and Urban Informality in South African Townships
Faranak Miraftab
100. Gender, Neoliberalism and Post-neoliberalism: Re-assessing the Institutionalisation of Women’s Struggles for Survival in Ecuador and Venezuela
Amy Lind
101. Who Does the Counting? Gender Mainstreaming, Grassroots Initiatives and Linking Women Across Space and ‘Race’ in Guyana
D. Alissa Trotz
102. Poverty, Religion and Gender: Perspectives from Albania
Claire Brickell
103. Sexuality, Gender and Poverty
Susie Jolly and Andrea Cornwall
104. Masculinity, Poverty and the ‘New Wars’
Jane L. Parpart
Index
