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International Environmental Law
This two-volume set contains a representative selection of leading articles by outstanding scholars, practitioners, and policymakers in the field of international environmental law (IEL). Professor Anton has organized the contributions along three major lines: firstly, the papers explore the challenge of transnational environmental problems and the nature of IEL, including fundamental principles and concepts, actors, and compliance and enforcement. Secondly, the development and application of IEL in the context of specific regimes is explored, including atmosphere, oceans, and hazardous substances. Finally, the volumes examine how IEL interacts with other international legal regimes, including international trade and human rights. All the contributions reflect a broad diversity of views and cover the most important key areas currently debated in IEL.
More Information
Contributors
Contents
More Information
This two-volume set contains a representative selection of leading articles by outstanding scholars, practitioners, and policymakers in the field of international environmental law (IEL). Professor Anton has organized the contributions along three major lines: firstly, the papers explore the challenge of transnational environmental problems and the nature of IEL, including fundamental principles and concepts, actors, and compliance and enforcement. Secondly, the development and application of IEL in the context of specific regimes is explored, including atmosphere, oceans, and hazardous substances. Finally, the volumes examine how IEL interacts with other international legal regimes, including international trade and human rights. All the contributions reflect a broad diversity of views and cover the most important key areas currently debated in IEL.
Alongside an original introduction by the editor, this collection is a valuable tool for scholars, researchers, practitioners, and students with an interest in international environmental law.
Alongside an original introduction by the editor, this collection is a valuable tool for scholars, researchers, practitioners, and students with an interest in international environmental law.
Contributors
35 articles, dating from 1978 to 2014
Contributors include: D. Bodansky, J. Brunnée, D. Esty, S. McCaffrey, P.H. Sand, P. Sands, C. Stone, C. Tinker, E. Weiss
Contributors include: D. Bodansky, J. Brunnée, D. Esty, S. McCaffrey, P.H. Sand, P. Sands, C. Stone, C. Tinker, E. Weiss
Contents
Contents:
Introduction Donald K. Anton
PART I AN OVERVIEW OF THE CHALLENGE AND EMERGENCE OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL RESPONSES
1. Manfred Lachs (1990), ‘The Challenge of the Environment’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 39, 663–69
2. Oscar Schachter (1991), ‘The Emergence of International Environmental Law’, Journal of International Affairs, 44, 457–93
3. Edith Brown Weiss (1993), ‘International Environmental Law: Contemporary Issues and the Emergence of a New World Order’, Georgetown Law Journal, 81, 675–710
4. Timo Koivurova (2014), ‘Basic Issues in International Environmental Law’, in Introduction to International Environmental Law, Chapter 1, 8–26 (do not include pictures or text boxes)
PART II UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS
5. Rüdiger Wolfrum (1990), ‘Purposes and Principles of International Environmental Law’, 33, 308–30
6. Philippe Sands & Jacqueline Peel (with Adriana Fabra & Ruth MacKenzie) (2012), ‘General Principles and Rules’, in Principles of International Environmental Law, 3rd ed, Chapter 6, 187–237
PART III NORMATIVITY
7. Malgosia A. Fitzmaurice (2001), ‘International Environmental Law: Sources, Formation and Kinds of Legal Rules’, in International Protection of the Environment, Chapter II, 96–149
8. Pierre-Marie Dupuy (2007), ‘Formation of Customary International Law and General Principles’, in The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law, Chapter 19, 449–65 (do not include recommended reading)
9. Jutta Brunnée (2002), ‘Coping with Consent: Law-Making under Multilateral Environmental Agreements’, Leiden Journal of International Law, 15, 1–52
10. Robin R. Churchill and Geir Ulfstein (2000), ‘Autonomous Institutional Arrangements in Multilateral Environmental Agreements: A Little-Noticed Phenomenon in International Law’, American Journal of International Law, 94 (4), 623–59
11. Naomi Roht-Arriaza (1995), ‘Shifting the Point of Regulation: The International Organization for Standardization and Global Lawmaking on Trade and the Environment’, Ecology Law Quarterly, 22, 479–539
PART IV ACTORS, INSTITUTIONS AND GOVERNANCE
12. Kal Raustiala, (1997) ‘States, NGOs, and International Institutions’ International Studies Quarterly, 41, 719–40
13. Gerhard Loibl (2001), ‘The Role of International Organisations in International Law-Making International Environmental Negotiations - An Empirical Study’ Non-State Actors and International Law 1, 41–66
14. Steven R. Ratner (2001), ‘Corporations and Human Rights: A Theory of Legal Responsibility’, Yale Law Journal 111, 443–545
15. Daniel C. Esty and Maria H. Ivanova, (2002) ‘Revitalizing Global Environmental Governance: A Function-Driven Approach, in Global Environmental Governance: Options and Opportunities (Daniel C. Esty & Maria H. Ivanova, eds.) chap 10, 181–203
16. Nathalie Bernasconi-Osterwalder and David Hunter (2002), ‘Democratizing Multilateral Development Banks’ in The New “Public”: The Globalization of Public Participation, 151–64
17. Ellen Hey (2003), ‘Sustainable Development, Normative Development and the Legitimacy of Decision Making’ Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 24, 3–53
PART V ISSUE AREAS AND SUBSTANTIVE LAW
18. Martti Koskenniemi (1992), ‘Breach of Treaty or Non-Compliance? Reflections on the Enforcement of the Montreal Protocol’, Yearbook of International Environmental Law, 3, 123¬–62
19. Peter H. Sand (1996), ‘Institution-Building to Assist Compliance with International Environmental Law: Perspectives’ Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht 56, 774–95
20. Alexander Gillespie (2003), ‘Implementation and Compliance Concerns in International Environmental Law: The State of the Art Within Three International Regimes’ New Zealand Journal of Environmental Law 7, 53–84
21. Carsten Helm & Detlef Sprinz, (2000) ‘Measuring the Effectiveness of International Environmental Regimes’ Journal of Conflict Resolution 44, 630–52
22. Ronald B. Mitchell, (2002) ‘A Quantitative Approach to Evaluating International Environmental Regimes’ Global Environmental Politics 2, 58–83
Volume II
Contents:
Introduction An introduction by the editors appears in Volume I
PART I ISSUE AREAS AND SUBSTANTIVE LAW
A Atmosphere
1. Phoebe Okowa (2006), ‘The Legacy of Trail Smelter in the Field of Transboundary Air Pollution’, in Rebecca M. Bratspies and Russell A. Miller (eds), Transboundary Harm in International Law: Lessons from the Trail Smelter Arbitration, Chapter 16, 195–208
2. David D. Caron (1991), ‘Protection of the Stratospheric Ozone Layer and the Structure of International Environmental Lawmaking’, Hastings International and Comparative Law Review, 14, 755–80
3. Daniel Bodansky (2011), ‘A Tale of Two Architectures: The Once and Future U.N. Climate Change Regime’, Arizona State Law Journal, 43, 697–712
B The Oceans
4. Moira L. McConnell and Edgar Gold ( ), ‘The Modern Law of the Sea: Framework for Protection and Preservation of the Marine Environment’, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, 23, 83–105
5. Jonathan I. Charney (1994), ‘The Marine Environment and the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea’, International Lawyer, 28, 879–902
6. Lee Kimball (2003), ‘International Ocean Governance’, 7–84
7. David Freestone, (2012) ‘International Governance, Responsibility and Management of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction’ International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 27, 191–204
C Biodiversity
8. Michael J. Glennon, (1990) ‘Has International Law Failed the Elephant’ (1990) American Journal of International Law 84, 1–43
9. Catherine Tinker (1995), ‘A “New Breed” of Treaty: The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity’, Pace Environmental Law Review, 12, 191–218
10. David R. Downes (1993), ‘New Diplomacy for the Biodiversity Trade: Biodiversity, Biotechnology, and Intellectual Property in the Convention on Biological Diversity’, Touro Journal of Transnational Law, 4, 1–46
11. Erik J. Molenaar, (2007) ‘Managing Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction’ International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 22, 89–124
12. Evanson Chege Kamau, Bevis Fedder and Gerd Winter (2010), ‘Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing: What is New and What are the Implications for Provider and User Countries and the Scientific Community’, Law, Environment and Development Journal, 6, 246–62
D Hazardous Substances and Technologies
13. Katharina Kummer, (1992) ‘The International Regulation of Transboundary Traffic in Hazardous Wastes: The 1989 Basel Convention’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 41, 530–62
14. Richard W. Emory, Jr., (2001) ‘Probing the Protections of the Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent’, Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 12, 47–70
15. Joel Mintz, (2001) ‘Two Cheers for Global POPs: A Summary and Assessment of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants’, Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, 14
16. Henrik Selin, (2014) ‘Global Environmental Law and Treaty-Making on Hazardous Substances: The Minamata Convention and Mercury Abatement’ Global Environmental Politics 14, 1–19
E Fresh Water
17. Stephen McCaffrey, (1994) ‘The Law of International Watercourses: Present Problems, Future Trends’ in A Law for the Environment, Essays in Honour of Wolfgang E. Burhenne, 113–35
18. John Scanlon & Alejandro Iza, (2003) ‘International Legal Foundations for Environmental Flows’ Yearbook of International Environmental Law, 14, 81–100
19. Patricia Wouters, Sergei Vinogradov & Bjørn-Oliver Magsig, (2008) ‘Water Security, Hydrosolidarity, and International Law: A River Runs Through It …’ Yearbook of International Enviornmental Law 19, 97–134
F The Polar Regions
20. Donald R. Rothwell, (2000) ‘Polar Environmental Protection and International Law: The 1991 Antarctic Protocol’ European Journal of International Law 11, 591–614
21. Kees Bastmeijer and Steven Hendel (2009), ‘The Role of the Protected Area Concept in Protecting the World'' Largest Natural Reserve: Antarctica, Utrecht Law Review 5, 61–79
22. Timo Koivurova, (2003) ‘The Importance of International Environmental Law in the Arctic’ Finnish Yearbook of International Law 14, 341–54
23. Olav Schram Stokke, (2009) ‘Protecting the Arctic Environment: The Interplay of Global and Regional Regimes’ Yearbook of Polar Law 1, 349–70
PART II REGIME INTERACTION
A Trade, Investment and the Environment
24. Thomas J. Schoenbaum, (1997) ‘International Trade and Protection of the Environment: The Continuing Search for Reconciliation’ American Journal of International Law 91, 268–313
25. Konrad von Moltke, (2002) ‘International Investment and Sustainability: Options for Regime Formation’ in The Earthscan Reader on International Trade and Sustainable Development (Kevin Gallagher & Jacob Werksman, eds.) chap 15, 345–69
B Human Rights and the Environment
26. Dinah Shelton, (2001) ‘Environmental Rights’ in Peoples’ Rights (Philip Alston, ed.) chap 6, 189–258
27. John H. Knox, (2009) ‘Climate Change and Human Rights Law’ Virginia Journal of International Law, 50, 163–218
C Use of Force and the Environment
28. Richard Falk, (1992) ‘The Environmental Law of War: An Introduction’ in Environmental Protection and the Law of War: A ‘Fifth Geneva’ Convention on the Protection of the Environment in Time of Armed Conflict chap 5, 78–95
29. Christopher D. Stone, (2000) ‘The Environment in Wartime: An Overview’ in The Environmental Consequences of War: Legal, Economic, and Scientific Perspectives (Jay E. Austin & Carl E. Bruch, eds.) chap 2, 16–38
Index
Introduction Donald K. Anton
PART I AN OVERVIEW OF THE CHALLENGE AND EMERGENCE OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL RESPONSES
1. Manfred Lachs (1990), ‘The Challenge of the Environment’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 39, 663–69
2. Oscar Schachter (1991), ‘The Emergence of International Environmental Law’, Journal of International Affairs, 44, 457–93
3. Edith Brown Weiss (1993), ‘International Environmental Law: Contemporary Issues and the Emergence of a New World Order’, Georgetown Law Journal, 81, 675–710
4. Timo Koivurova (2014), ‘Basic Issues in International Environmental Law’, in Introduction to International Environmental Law, Chapter 1, 8–26 (do not include pictures or text boxes)
PART II UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS
5. Rüdiger Wolfrum (1990), ‘Purposes and Principles of International Environmental Law’, 33, 308–30
6. Philippe Sands & Jacqueline Peel (with Adriana Fabra & Ruth MacKenzie) (2012), ‘General Principles and Rules’, in Principles of International Environmental Law, 3rd ed, Chapter 6, 187–237
PART III NORMATIVITY
7. Malgosia A. Fitzmaurice (2001), ‘International Environmental Law: Sources, Formation and Kinds of Legal Rules’, in International Protection of the Environment, Chapter II, 96–149
8. Pierre-Marie Dupuy (2007), ‘Formation of Customary International Law and General Principles’, in The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law, Chapter 19, 449–65 (do not include recommended reading)
9. Jutta Brunnée (2002), ‘Coping with Consent: Law-Making under Multilateral Environmental Agreements’, Leiden Journal of International Law, 15, 1–52
10. Robin R. Churchill and Geir Ulfstein (2000), ‘Autonomous Institutional Arrangements in Multilateral Environmental Agreements: A Little-Noticed Phenomenon in International Law’, American Journal of International Law, 94 (4), 623–59
11. Naomi Roht-Arriaza (1995), ‘Shifting the Point of Regulation: The International Organization for Standardization and Global Lawmaking on Trade and the Environment’, Ecology Law Quarterly, 22, 479–539
PART IV ACTORS, INSTITUTIONS AND GOVERNANCE
12. Kal Raustiala, (1997) ‘States, NGOs, and International Institutions’ International Studies Quarterly, 41, 719–40
13. Gerhard Loibl (2001), ‘The Role of International Organisations in International Law-Making International Environmental Negotiations - An Empirical Study’ Non-State Actors and International Law 1, 41–66
14. Steven R. Ratner (2001), ‘Corporations and Human Rights: A Theory of Legal Responsibility’, Yale Law Journal 111, 443–545
15. Daniel C. Esty and Maria H. Ivanova, (2002) ‘Revitalizing Global Environmental Governance: A Function-Driven Approach, in Global Environmental Governance: Options and Opportunities (Daniel C. Esty & Maria H. Ivanova, eds.) chap 10, 181–203
16. Nathalie Bernasconi-Osterwalder and David Hunter (2002), ‘Democratizing Multilateral Development Banks’ in The New “Public”: The Globalization of Public Participation, 151–64
17. Ellen Hey (2003), ‘Sustainable Development, Normative Development and the Legitimacy of Decision Making’ Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 24, 3–53
PART V ISSUE AREAS AND SUBSTANTIVE LAW
18. Martti Koskenniemi (1992), ‘Breach of Treaty or Non-Compliance? Reflections on the Enforcement of the Montreal Protocol’, Yearbook of International Environmental Law, 3, 123¬–62
19. Peter H. Sand (1996), ‘Institution-Building to Assist Compliance with International Environmental Law: Perspectives’ Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht 56, 774–95
20. Alexander Gillespie (2003), ‘Implementation and Compliance Concerns in International Environmental Law: The State of the Art Within Three International Regimes’ New Zealand Journal of Environmental Law 7, 53–84
21. Carsten Helm & Detlef Sprinz, (2000) ‘Measuring the Effectiveness of International Environmental Regimes’ Journal of Conflict Resolution 44, 630–52
22. Ronald B. Mitchell, (2002) ‘A Quantitative Approach to Evaluating International Environmental Regimes’ Global Environmental Politics 2, 58–83
Volume II
Contents:
Introduction An introduction by the editors appears in Volume I
PART I ISSUE AREAS AND SUBSTANTIVE LAW
A Atmosphere
1. Phoebe Okowa (2006), ‘The Legacy of Trail Smelter in the Field of Transboundary Air Pollution’, in Rebecca M. Bratspies and Russell A. Miller (eds), Transboundary Harm in International Law: Lessons from the Trail Smelter Arbitration, Chapter 16, 195–208
2. David D. Caron (1991), ‘Protection of the Stratospheric Ozone Layer and the Structure of International Environmental Lawmaking’, Hastings International and Comparative Law Review, 14, 755–80
3. Daniel Bodansky (2011), ‘A Tale of Two Architectures: The Once and Future U.N. Climate Change Regime’, Arizona State Law Journal, 43, 697–712
B The Oceans
4. Moira L. McConnell and Edgar Gold ( ), ‘The Modern Law of the Sea: Framework for Protection and Preservation of the Marine Environment’, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, 23, 83–105
5. Jonathan I. Charney (1994), ‘The Marine Environment and the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea’, International Lawyer, 28, 879–902
6. Lee Kimball (2003), ‘International Ocean Governance’, 7–84
7. David Freestone, (2012) ‘International Governance, Responsibility and Management of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction’ International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 27, 191–204
C Biodiversity
8. Michael J. Glennon, (1990) ‘Has International Law Failed the Elephant’ (1990) American Journal of International Law 84, 1–43
9. Catherine Tinker (1995), ‘A “New Breed” of Treaty: The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity’, Pace Environmental Law Review, 12, 191–218
10. David R. Downes (1993), ‘New Diplomacy for the Biodiversity Trade: Biodiversity, Biotechnology, and Intellectual Property in the Convention on Biological Diversity’, Touro Journal of Transnational Law, 4, 1–46
11. Erik J. Molenaar, (2007) ‘Managing Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction’ International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 22, 89–124
12. Evanson Chege Kamau, Bevis Fedder and Gerd Winter (2010), ‘Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing: What is New and What are the Implications for Provider and User Countries and the Scientific Community’, Law, Environment and Development Journal, 6, 246–62
D Hazardous Substances and Technologies
13. Katharina Kummer, (1992) ‘The International Regulation of Transboundary Traffic in Hazardous Wastes: The 1989 Basel Convention’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly 41, 530–62
14. Richard W. Emory, Jr., (2001) ‘Probing the Protections of the Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent’, Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 12, 47–70
15. Joel Mintz, (2001) ‘Two Cheers for Global POPs: A Summary and Assessment of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants’, Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, 14
16. Henrik Selin, (2014) ‘Global Environmental Law and Treaty-Making on Hazardous Substances: The Minamata Convention and Mercury Abatement’ Global Environmental Politics 14, 1–19
E Fresh Water
17. Stephen McCaffrey, (1994) ‘The Law of International Watercourses: Present Problems, Future Trends’ in A Law for the Environment, Essays in Honour of Wolfgang E. Burhenne, 113–35
18. John Scanlon & Alejandro Iza, (2003) ‘International Legal Foundations for Environmental Flows’ Yearbook of International Environmental Law, 14, 81–100
19. Patricia Wouters, Sergei Vinogradov & Bjørn-Oliver Magsig, (2008) ‘Water Security, Hydrosolidarity, and International Law: A River Runs Through It …’ Yearbook of International Enviornmental Law 19, 97–134
F The Polar Regions
20. Donald R. Rothwell, (2000) ‘Polar Environmental Protection and International Law: The 1991 Antarctic Protocol’ European Journal of International Law 11, 591–614
21. Kees Bastmeijer and Steven Hendel (2009), ‘The Role of the Protected Area Concept in Protecting the World'' Largest Natural Reserve: Antarctica, Utrecht Law Review 5, 61–79
22. Timo Koivurova, (2003) ‘The Importance of International Environmental Law in the Arctic’ Finnish Yearbook of International Law 14, 341–54
23. Olav Schram Stokke, (2009) ‘Protecting the Arctic Environment: The Interplay of Global and Regional Regimes’ Yearbook of Polar Law 1, 349–70
PART II REGIME INTERACTION
A Trade, Investment and the Environment
24. Thomas J. Schoenbaum, (1997) ‘International Trade and Protection of the Environment: The Continuing Search for Reconciliation’ American Journal of International Law 91, 268–313
25. Konrad von Moltke, (2002) ‘International Investment and Sustainability: Options for Regime Formation’ in The Earthscan Reader on International Trade and Sustainable Development (Kevin Gallagher & Jacob Werksman, eds.) chap 15, 345–69
B Human Rights and the Environment
26. Dinah Shelton, (2001) ‘Environmental Rights’ in Peoples’ Rights (Philip Alston, ed.) chap 6, 189–258
27. John H. Knox, (2009) ‘Climate Change and Human Rights Law’ Virginia Journal of International Law, 50, 163–218
C Use of Force and the Environment
28. Richard Falk, (1992) ‘The Environmental Law of War: An Introduction’ in Environmental Protection and the Law of War: A ‘Fifth Geneva’ Convention on the Protection of the Environment in Time of Armed Conflict chap 5, 78–95
29. Christopher D. Stone, (2000) ‘The Environment in Wartime: An Overview’ in The Environmental Consequences of War: Legal, Economic, and Scientific Perspectives (Jay E. Austin & Carl E. Bruch, eds.) chap 2, 16–38
Index
